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15 Jul 1996
TL;DR: In this article, a general theory of electroosmotic phenomena in model porous media possessing spatially periodic structure is developed and a numerical code has been built, with an overall precision better than a few percent, when the double layer thickness is larger than the elementary grid size.
Abstract: A general theory of electroosmotic phenomena in model porous media possessing spatially periodic structure is developed. General expressions for the electric conductivity, permeability, and coupling electroosmotic tensor coefficients are obtained in terms of solutions of several transport unit cell problems, posed for the linearized electrokinetic equations. By means of a consistent application of the homogenization methods, the Darcy-scale equations describing the electroosmotic flow in a spatially periodic porous medium are obtained. A numerical code has been built, with an overall precision better than a few percent, when the double-layer thickness is larger than the elementary grid size. Several model porous media have been systematically investigated, including cubic and orthorhombic arrays of spherical and ellipsoidal particles, random packing of such particles, and reconstructed media. A new correlation between the electroosmotic coupling coefficient and permeability is proposed for thick double layers.
147 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the relative contributions of the spins of the Fe Td 3 + and the Fe Oh 3 + ions were observed, varying the external magnetic field, under high magnetic fields.
147 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the concentrations of Ir, Ru, Pt and Pd have been determined in 29 mid-Oceanic Ridge basaltic (MORB) glasses from the Pacific (N = 7), the Atlantic (n = 10) and the Indian (n= 11) oceanic ridges and the Red Sea (N= 1) spreading centers.
146 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a series of glasses and melts along the GeO2-SiO2 join using in situ Raman spectroscopy were investigated, and the results for both the glass and melts were consistent with a continuous random network in which there are regions that are SiO2like, GeO 2-like, and mixed geO2 and SiO 2 -SiO 2 like.
Abstract: We have investigated a series of glasses and melts along the GeO2–SiO2 join using in situ Raman spectroscopy. The results for both the glasses and melts are consistent with a continuous random network in which there are ‘regions’ that are SiO2-like, GeO2-like and mixed GeO2–SiO2-like. Incorporation of GeO2 into the SiO2 network is initially accommodated via the 3- and 4-membered SiO4 rings which are lost as they convert to larger mixed Ge/Si rings. The LO–TO mode behavior is also consistent with a network that is composed of different ‘regions’ and is similar to that expected from the Bruggeman effective media model. At the highest temperatures there are indications that the mixed Ge/Si rings convert back to small 3-membered GeO4 rings and large SiO4 rings; the small 3- and 4-membered SiO4 rings are not reformed.
146 citations
TL;DR: A review of the main mechanisms involved in the mediation of mineral precipitation by microorganisms can be found in this paper, including supersaturation caused by metabolic activity, the triggering of nucleation by production of more or less specific organic molecules, and the impact of mineral growth.
145 citations
Authors
Showing all 903 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Claude J. Allègre | 106 | 327 | 35092 |
| Paul Tapponnier | 99 | 294 | 42855 |
| Francesco Mauri | 85 | 352 | 69332 |
| Barbara Romanowicz | 67 | 284 | 14950 |
| Geoffrey C. P. King | 64 | 157 | 17177 |
| Yi-Gang Xu | 64 | 271 | 14292 |
| Jérôme Gaillardet | 63 | 199 | 14878 |
| François Guyot | 61 | 292 | 12444 |
| Georges Calas | 60 | 266 | 10901 |
| Ari P. Seitsonen | 59 | 212 | 45684 |
| Michele Lazzeri | 58 | 140 | 57079 |
| Bernard Bourdon | 58 | 118 | 9962 |
| Gianreto Manatschal | 56 | 200 | 10063 |
| Nikolai M. Shapiro | 56 | 154 | 15508 |
| Guillaume Morin | 55 | 156 | 7218 |