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TL;DR: In this paper, a flow-by-flow reanalysis of the Mahabaleshwar escarpment was performed to identify four directional groups, implying very large (40 to 180 m thick) single eruptive events (SEEs) having occurred in a few decades.
Abstract: [1] Flow-by-flow reanalysis of paleomagnetic directions in two sections of the Mahabaleshwar escarpment, coupled with analysis of intertrappean alteration levels shows that volcanism spanned a much shorter time than previously realized. The sections comprise the upper part of magnetic chron C29r, transitional directions and the lowermost part of C29n. Lack of paleosecular variation allows identification of four directional groups, implying very large (40 to 180 m thick) single eruptive events (SEEs) having occurred in a few decades. Paleomagnetism allows temporal constraints upon the formation of 9 out of 23 thin red bole levels found in the sections to no more than a few decades; the two thickest altered layers could have formed in 1 to 50 ka. The typical volumes of SEEs (corresponding to magnetic directional groups) are estimated at 3000 to 20,000 km3, with flux rates ∼100 km3 a−1, having lasted for decades. Flood basalt emission can be translated into SO2 injection rates of several Gt a−1, which could have been the main agent of environmental change. The total volume of SO2 emitted by the larger SEEs could be on the order of that released by the Chicxulub impact. Moreover, each SEE may have injected 10 to 100 times more SO2 in the atmosphere than the deleterious 1783 Laki eruption. The detailed time sequence of SEEs appears to be the key feature having controlled the extent of climate change. If several SEEs erupted in a short sequence (compared to the equilibration time of the ocean), they could have generated a runaway effect leading to mass extinction.
241 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a dual-comb Fourier transform spectrometer was proposed for the detection of trace gases, solids and liquids based on tell-tale vibrational bands specific to this spectral region.
Abstract: Mid-infrared spectroscopy offers supreme sensitivity for the detection of trace gases, solids and liquids based on tell-tale vibrational bands specific to this spectral region. Here, we present a new platform for mid-infrared dual-comb Fourier-transform spectroscopy based on a pair of ultra-broadband subharmonic optical parametric oscillators pumped by two phase-locked thulium-fibre combs. Our system provides fast (7 ms for a single interferogram), moving-parts-free, simultaneous acquisition of 350,000 spectral data points, spaced by a 115 MHz intermodal interval over the 3.1–5.5 µm spectral range. Parallel detection of 22 trace molecular species in a gas mixture, including isotopologues containing isotopes such as 13C, 18O, 17O, 15N, 34S, 33S and deuterium, with part-per-billion sensitivity and sub-Doppler resolution is demonstrated. The technique also features absolute optical frequency referencing to an atomic clock, a high degree of mutual coherence between the two mid-infrared combs with a relative comb-tooth linewidth of 25 mHz, coherent averaging and feasibility for kilohertz-scale spectral resolution. A dual-comb spectrometer based on a pair of ultra-broadband optical parametric oscillators is demonstrated. It provides the simultaneous acquisition of 350,000 spectral data points, spaced by a 115 MHz intermodal interval over the 3.1–5.5 µm spectral range.
237 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an extensive river sediment dataset covering the Ganga basin from the Himalayan front downstream to the ganga mainstream in Bangladesh and show that the Gangetic floodplain is the dominant location of silicate weathering for Na, K and [H2O + ].
232 citations
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TL;DR: Dupre et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the dependence of chemical weathering on environmental parameters, such as climate and mechanical erosion, and established a simple weathering law for basaltic lithologies.
231 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors observed a network of about 40 sites, including two east-west transects ranging from the coastal area to the Argentina border and one north-south profile along the coast.
230 citations
Authors
Showing all 903 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Claude J. Allègre | 106 | 327 | 35092 |
Paul Tapponnier | 99 | 294 | 42855 |
Francesco Mauri | 85 | 352 | 69332 |
Barbara Romanowicz | 67 | 284 | 14950 |
Geoffrey C. P. King | 64 | 157 | 17177 |
Yi-Gang Xu | 64 | 271 | 14292 |
Jérôme Gaillardet | 63 | 199 | 14878 |
François Guyot | 61 | 292 | 12444 |
Georges Calas | 60 | 266 | 10901 |
Ari P. Seitsonen | 59 | 212 | 45684 |
Michele Lazzeri | 58 | 140 | 57079 |
Bernard Bourdon | 58 | 118 | 9962 |
Gianreto Manatschal | 56 | 200 | 10063 |
Nikolai M. Shapiro | 56 | 154 | 15508 |
Guillaume Morin | 55 | 156 | 7218 |