National Dairy Research Institute

About: National Dairy Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Karnāl, Himachal Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Sperm. The organization has 3228 authors who have published 3524 publications receiving 51151 citations. The organization is also known as: Imperial Institute of Animal Husbandry and Dairying & Imperial Dairy Institute.

Evaluation of the osteoprotective potential of whey derived-antioxidative (YVEEL) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (YLLF) bioactive peptides in ovariectomised rats

Abstract: Milk contains various bioactive components with osteoanabolic properties. This study investigates the comparative effect of the whey-derived antioxidative (YVEEL) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (YLLF) bioactive peptides on bone remodelling in ovariectomised (OVX) osteoporotic rat model. OVX animals were administered with antioxidative (AO) (500 μg kg−1 day−1) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE inhibitory) (50 μg kg−1 day−1) peptides for eight weeks. Trabecular microarchitectural parameters of femoral and tibiae bone were determined using micro-CT scan. Bone formation, resorption, turnover markers (ALP, RANKL, OCN) and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, TGF-β, IFN-γ) were determined by ELISA. Both AO and ACE inhibitory peptides inhibited the increase in bone turnover and inflammatory cytokines while increased the bone formation markers. The altered morphometric parameters of femoral and tibiae bones due to OVX were strikingly attenuated by the peptide administration. The results indicated that AO peptide exerts more osteoprotective potential than ACE inhibitory peptide by suppressing inflammatory status and enhancing bone formation markers.

Invitro study of riboflavin producing lactobacilli as potential probiotic

Abstract: Riboflavin is an obligatory component of cellular metabolism and is responsible for normal development, growth, reproduction, lactation, physical performance of wellbeing. The probiotic bacteria producing riboflavin gives an extra health advantage to consumers as the later are becoming increasingly health conscious and discerning in their food choices. Hence, the present study has been carried out to evaluate the probiotic attributes of riboflavin producing lactobacilli isolated from diversified dairy and non-dairy sources of Indian origin with a potential to develop a riboflavin bio enriched probiotic food. Out of 14 riboflavin producing isolates, 4 isolates viz. Lactobacillus fermentum ( KC920818 ), Lactobacillus fermentum ( KC507546 ), Lactobacillus plantarum ( KC507543 ) and Lactobacillus mucosae ( KC920821 ) have been observed to exhibit appreciable probiotic potential. Among them, L. fermentum ( KC920818 ) and L. mucosae ( KC920821 ) have demonstrated strong adhesion on HT-29 cell lines. Two isolates viz. L. fermentum KC920818 and L. mucosae KC920821 were adjudged to be the most putative probiotic strains. The findings of present study indicate the probiotic potential of these lactobacilli strains of human and plant origins. These indigenous potent probiotic strains coupled with ability to produce riboflavin can be explored for the development of novel riboflavin enriched functional fermented foods.

Nutrient utilisation and methane emissions in Sahiwal calves differing in residual feed intake.

Abstract: The presented study aimed at investigating the residual feed intake (RFI) of Sahiwal calves, nutrient utilisation as affected by RFI and its relationship with methane (CH4) emissions and some blood metabolites. Eighteen male Sahiwal calves (10–18 months of age; mean body weight 133 kg) were fed ad libitum with a total mixed ration. After calculating RFI for individual calves (−0.40 to +0.34 kg DM/d), they were divided into three groups with low, medium and high RFI, respectively. Dry matter intake (DMI) was higher (p < 0.05) in Group High RFI, whereas digestibility of all nutrients except crude protein and ether extract was significantly higher in Group Low RFI. Nitrogen balance was also significantly higher in Group Low RFI (20.2 g/d) than in Group High RFI (17.0 g/d). Average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were similar among the groups. With exception of glucose, concentrations of all measured blood metabolites were higher in Group High RFI (p < 0.05). Compared with Group High RFI, the CH4 emissio...

Biochemical and physiological changes during thermal stress in bovines: a review

Abstract: The variation in climatic variables like temperature, humidity and radiations were recognized as the potential hazards in the growth and production of all domestic livestock species. Thermal environment is a major factor that can negatively affect both production and reproduction in dairy animals, especially in animals of high genetic merit. Among the stressors, heat stress has been of major concern in reducing animal’s productivity in tropical, sub-tropical and arid areas. There are few effective strategies for reducing the effects of heat stress on animal’s health and performance. The major strategiesproviding elaborate housinginvolving shade, sprinklers, fans, air conditioner, etc. are capital intensive, not very efficient and are of limited use for small and medium-size dairies. Sweating, high respiration rate, vasodilation with increased blood flow to skin surface, elevated rectal temperature, reduced metabolic rate, decreased DM intake, efficiency of feed utilization and altered water metabolism are the physiological responses that are associated with negative impacts of heat stress on production and reproduction in dairy animals.This article aimed to review biochemical and physiological changes which occur during thermal stress in bovines.