National Dairy Research Institute

About: National Dairy Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Karnāl, Himachal Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Sperm. The organization has 3228 authors who have published 3524 publications receiving 51151 citations. The organization is also known as: Imperial Institute of Animal Husbandry and Dairying & Imperial Dairy Institute.

Dietary Effects on Ruminant Livestock Reproduction with Particular Reference to Protein

Abstract: The process of reproduction is a coordinated function of many tissues, cell types and regulatory systems which is possible only when animals are provided with sufficient quantities of dietary nutrients. The livestock industry is faced with different situations as far as protein nutrition is concerned in different countries. In most of the Third World countries, animals survive on poor quality roughages and crop residues which are deficient in many essential nutrients. The major constraint in such feeds is protein deficiency because the digestible crude protein content of these roughages is very low. In certain Asian and African countries, animals generally graze without much feed supplement (Leng, 1990). Thus, the availability of nutrients, particularly protein, remains inadequate most of the year except during the rainy season or for some period thereafter and it is during this period that regular oestrous cycles are normally exhibited. Crossbreeding programmes have been adopted in some of the developing countries and thus a considerable population of improved cows has emerged. They require balanced nutrition for exploitation of their genetic potential so far as milk production is concerned. To some extent protein deficiency

Effect of Incorporation of Additives in Tris‐Based Egg Yolk Extender on Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Sperm Tyrosine Phosphorylation During Cryopreservation

Abstract: Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on sperm protein is a known indicator of capacitation and a major intracellular signalling event. There is evidence that sperm cryopreservation promotes tyrosine phosphorylation and is associated with reduced fertility of spermatozoa. Under this study, cryoprotective role of different additives namely taurine, trehalose, catalase and 4-bromophenacyl bromide on buffalo sperm quality was evaluated. Buffalo semen was cryopreserved in tris-based egg yolk extender supplemented with additives like taurine (50 mm) or trehalose (100 mm) or 4-bromophenacyl bromide (200 μm) or catalase (100 U/ml) and used for assessment of levels of tyrosine phosphorylation in frozen-thawed spermatozoa. The results obtained were compared with the level of protein tyrosine phosphorylation of semen cryopreserved in tris-based egg yolk extender without additives. Proteins were extracted from a total number of nine ejaculates from three individual buffalo bulls chosen at random and analysed for tyrosine phospho-proteins using SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting. Monoclonal anti-phosphotyrosine antibody (Clone pT-154) was used as primary antibody followed by treatment with HRP-conjugated secondary antibody. Signals were detected on X-ray film using chemiluminescence. Nine proteins (p20, p30, p32, p38, p49, p56, p59, p72 and p86) were found to be tyrosine phosphorylated in cryopreserved spermatozoa. Supplementation of additives significantly (p<0.05) reduced the level of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in spermatozoa. Moreover, this study showed improved (p<0.05) post-thaw motility, viability and membrane integrity of spermatozoa on addition of these additives. The results obtained clearly indicate reduced level of capacitation like changes on supplementation of additives in terms of protein tyrosine phosphorylation.

Cysteamine supplementation of in vitro maturation medium, in vitro culture medium or both media promotes in vitro development of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryos

Abstract: The effects of supplementation of in vitro maturation (IVM) or in vitro culture (IVC) or both IVM and IVC media with cysteamine on the yield, hatching rate (HR) and total cell number (TCN) of buffalo blastocysts were examined. Oocytes obtained from slaughterhouse buffalo ovaries were subjected to IVM and IVF. The IVM or IVC media were supplemented with 0, 50, 100 or 200 µm cysteamine. Supplementation of IVM medium with 50 µm cysteamine increased (P < 0.01) the cleavage rate and blastocyst yield without affecting the HR and TCN whereas a higher concentration of 200 µm significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the blastocyst yield but not TCN. Similar increases in blastocyst yield, without any effect on HR and TCN were observed after supplementation of the IVC medium with 100 (P < 0.01) or 50 µm (P < 0.05) cysteamine, whereas 200 µm cysteamine was ineffective. Supplementation of both IVM medium with 50 µm cysteamine and of IVC medium with 100 µm cysteamine increased the yield of blastocysts and hatched blastocyst by over 100% (P < 0.01) compared with the controls without any adverse effects on HR or TCN. The results of the present study suggest that supplementation of both IVM and IVC media improves the yield of blastocysts without compromising their health.