National Dairy Research Institute

About: National Dairy Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Karnāl, Himachal Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Sperm. The organization has 3228 authors who have published 3524 publications receiving 51151 citations. The organization is also known as: Imperial Institute of Animal Husbandry and Dairying & Imperial Dairy Institute.

Polymorphism of fecundity genes (fecb, fecx, and fecg) in the indian bonpala sheep

Abstract: The present study was designed for screening polymorphism of known fecundity genes in prolific Indian Bonpala sheep Employing tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR, 11-point mutations of BMP1B, BMP15, and GDF9 genes of 97 Bonpala ewes were genotyped The FecB locus of the BMPR1B gene and two loci (G1 and G4) of GDF9 gene were found to be polymorphic In FecB locus, three genotypes, namely, wild type (Fec++, 002), heterozygous (FecB+, 023), and mutant (FecBB, 075) were detected At G1 locus of GDF9 gene, three genotypes, namely, wild type (GG, 089), heterozygous (GA, 010), and mutant (AA, 001) were detected At G4 locus of GDF9 gene, three genotypes, namely, wild type (AA, 001), heterozygous (AG, 014), and mutant (GG, 085) were detected Statistically no significant correlation of polymorphism of FecB, G1, and G4 loci and litter size was found in this breed All five loci of BMP15 and three loci of GDF 9 genes were monomorphic This study reports Bonpala sheep as the first sheep breed where concurrent polymorphism at three important loci (FecB, G1, and G4) of two different fecundity genes (BMPR1B and GDF9) has been found

Exopolysaccharides producing Lactobacillus fermentum strain for enhancing rheological and sensory attributes of low-fat dahi

Abstract: Lactobacillus fermentum V10 was able to show large capsules surrounding the cell surface and produced 247.37 ± 0.76 mg/L polysaccharides in fermentation medium. The effect on technological properties of low-fat dahi found to be significantly (P < 0.01) improved for Lactobacillus fermentum V10 than control dahi made by EPS+ Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus NCDC 285 and EPS− Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus 09 cultures. Low fat dahi prepared by exopolysaccharides producing Lactobacillus fermentum V10 exhibited optimum acid production, lesser whey separation, higher viscosity, increased adhesiveness and stickiness whereas decreased firmness and work of shear as compared to control dahi.

Tyrosine phosphorylation of a 38-kDa capacitation-associated buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) sperm protein is induced by L-arginine and regulated through a cAMP/PKA-independent pathway.

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of L-arginine on nitric oxide (NO*) synthesis, capacitation and protein tyrosine phosphorylation in buffalo spermatozoa. Ejaculated buffalo spermatozoa were capacitated in the absence or presence of heparin, or L-arginine or N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) for 6 h. Capacitating spermatozoa generated NO* both spontaneously and following stimulation with L-arginine and L-NAME quenched such L-arginine-induced NO* production. Immunolocalization of NOS suggested for existence of constitutive NOS in buffalo spermatozoa. L-Arginine (10 mm) was found to be a potent capacitating agent and addition of L-NAME to the incubation media attenuated both L-arginine and heparin-induced capacitation and suggested that NO* is involved in the capacitation of buffalo spermatozoa. Two sperm proteins of M(r) 38 000 (p38) and 20 000 (p20) were tyrosine phosphorylated extensively by both heparin and L-arginine. Of these, the tyrosine phosphorylation of p38 was insensitive to both induction by cAMP agonists as well as inhibition by a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor. Further, most of these L-arginine-induced tyrosine phosphorylated proteins were localized to the midpiece and principal piece regions of flagellum of capacitated spermatozoa and suggested that sperm flagellum takes active part during capacitation. These results indicated that L-arginine induces capacitation of buffalo spermatozoa through NO* synthesis and tyrosine phosphorylation of specific sperm proteins involving a pathway independent of cAMP/PKA.

Effects of mannan-oligosaccharides and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization and faecal characteristics in Murrah buffalo calves

Abstract: A study of 120 days was undertaken to ascertain the effect of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization and faecal characteristics in Murrah buffalo calves. Twenty Murrah buffalo calves of 5-7 days old and 31 ± 2.0 kg of body weight (BW) were randomly assigned into four groups. Group I served as the control (CON) in which only basal diet (concentrate mixture and green fodder) was provided, without any supplementation. Mannan-oligosaccharides at 4 g/calf/day were supplemented as prebiotic to Group II (PRE), whereas Group III (PRO) received Lactobacillus acidophilus in the form of fermented milk as probiotic at 200 ml/calf/day having 108 CFU/ml and Group IV (SYN) was supplemented with both MOS and Lactobacillus acidophilus as synbiotic at similar dose. Final BW (kg), dry matter intake, average daily gain, feed conversion efficiency and structural growth measurements were improved (p < .05) in the treatment groups compared to control. Digestibility of neutral detergent fibre was higher (p < .05) in SYN followed by PRE and PRO than control. The faecal lactobacilli and bifidobacterium population was higher (p < .05) in all the supplemented groups with a concomitant reduction in faecal coliform count as compared to control. Faecal ammonia, lactate and pH were also altered favourably (p < .05) in all the supplemented groups as compared to CON. The faecal volatile fatty acids were higher (p < .05) in PRE, PRO and SYN group than CON. The incorporation of MOS and Lactobacillus acidophilus in diet either individually or in combination as synbiotic has the potential to improve the performance and faecal characteristics in Murrah buffalo calves; however, the observed responses among the treatment groups were more evident in the synbiotic fed group compared to individual supplementation of MOS and Lactobacillus acidophilus.