National Dairy Research Institute

About: National Dairy Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Karnāl, Himachal Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Sperm. The organization has 3228 authors who have published 3524 publications receiving 51151 citations. The organization is also known as: Imperial Institute of Animal Husbandry and Dairying & Imperial Dairy Institute.

Autochthonous Lactobacillus spp. isolated from Murrah buffalo calves show potential application as probiotic

Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are applied as probiotics that stimulate digestion, immunity and represents suitable alternatives to conventional antimicrobials in animal production systems. The present study aimed to isolate, characterize, and examine the prospective LAB from Murrah buffalo calves' faecal samples as potential species-specific probiotics. Accordingly, 96 lactobacilli strains were isolated; out of which 55 isolates were Gram-positive, catalase-negative and vancomycin-resistant. These isolates had been presumptively identified as Lactobacillus species and further confirmed by genus-specific PCR. Seventeen isolates were shortlisted based on cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and auto-aggregation properties and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. Cluster analysis from the phylogenetic tree revealed four different groups comprising of L. reuteri (11), L. salivarius (4), L. mucosae (1) and L. agilis (1). Out of these, seven isolates were non-hemolytic and showed better resistance to adverse gastrointestinal tract (GIT) conditions viz. tolerance to pH, bile salts and phenol. The selected isolates also exhibited significant (P

Effect of thermal damage on mechanical behavior of a fine-grained sandstone

Abstract: Due to difference in mineral composition, cementation, and porosity, the strength behavior of sandstone after exposure to different high temperatures is complex. From literature review, it is found that a transition temperature in the treatment exists at which the strength of sandstone changes from slow increase or decrease to fast decrease. This paper studies the effect of high temperature treatment on mechanical behavior of a fine-grained sandstone with a focus on discussion of the controlling factor that affects the various strength behavior of sandstone in response to thermal loading. The results in this study show that the transition temperature is about 500 °C for the examined sandstone. When the treatment temperature is below 500 °C, the Brazilian tensile strength (BTS), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and elastic modulus increase with increasing temperature in the treatment. However, when the treatment temperature exceeds 500 °C, the three parameters are found to decrease with a further increase in the treatment temperature. The relation between brittleness and treatment temperature is also examined. The brittleness indices B3 and B4 are found to be more effective than B1 and B2 to assess the brittleness of thermally damaged rock. The results in this study are useful for better understanding the mechanism of thermal damage effect on strength behavior of sandstone.

Differential histone modification status of spermatozoa in relation to fertility of buffalo bulls.

Abstract: In this study genome-wide di-methylated H3K4 (H3K4me2) and tri-methylated H3K27 (H3K27me3) modification profiles were analyzed in spermatozoa of buffalo bulls having wide fertility differences. The custom designed 4 × 180 K buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) ChIP-on-chip array was fabricated by employing array-based sequential hybridization using bovine and buffalo genomic DNA for comparative hybridization. The buffalo specific array developed had 177,440 features assembled from Coding sequences, Promoter and CpG regions comprising 2967 unique genes. A total of 84 genes for H3K4me2 and 80 genes for H3K27me3 were found differentially enriched in mature sperm of high and sub-fertile buffalo bulls. Gene Ontology analysis of these genes revealed their association with different cellular functions and biological processes. Genes identified as differentially enriched between high and sub-fertile bulls were found to be involved in the processes of germ cell development, spermatogenesis and embryonic development. This study presents the first genome-wide H3K4me2 and H3K27me3 profiling of buffalo bull sperm. Results provide a list of specific genes which could be made responsible for differential bull fertility. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 743–753, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Application of multiplex PCR assay based on uidR and fliCH7 genes for detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in milk

Abstract: A highly sensitive and specific multiplex PCR assay has been developed to detect the presence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from naturally contaminated raw milk samples within 10 h. The primers explored in the assay were targeted against the uidR gene specific for all types of E. coli and the fliCH7 gene specific for the h7 flagellar antigen of E. coli O157:H7. The multiplex PCR assay developed was found to be highly specific as it produced PCR products of 152 bp (E. coli specific) and 625 bp (E. coli O157:H7 specific). The assay was tested for its specificity against different serotypes of E. coli as well as other pathogenic strains like Salmonella, Shigella, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus and Lactococcus etc. When this multiplex PCR assay was directly applied to 24 raw milk samples collected from different sources, E. coli O157:H7 could be detected in one of the milk samples without 4 h enrichment in CT-SMAC broth and three samples after 4 h enrichment in CT-SMAC broth. However, all the pasteurized milk samples gave a negative signal for this organism.