National Dairy Research Institute

About: National Dairy Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Karnāl, Himachal Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Sperm. The organization has 3228 authors who have published 3524 publications receiving 51151 citations. The organization is also known as: Imperial Institute of Animal Husbandry and Dairying & Imperial Dairy Institute.

Cloning of Buffalo, a Highly Valued Livestock Species of South and Southeast Asia: Any Achievements?

Abstract: Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is a major source of milk, meat, and draught power in many developing countries in Asia. Animal cloning holds a lot of potential for fast multiplication of elite buffaloes and conservation of their valuable germplasm. Although the progress of buffalo cloning has been slow in comparison to cattle or pig, several breakthroughs were reported in buffalo cloning such as the production of cloned calves from somatic cells isolated from over one-decade old frozen-thawed semen or from urine-derived cells. Since the initiation of buffalo cloning, several approaches have been tried to refine nuclear transfer protocols. This has resulted in increasing the blastocyst production rate and improving their quality leading to an increase in live birth rate. In this review, we discuss current developments in buffalo cloning, its challenges, and the future roadmap.

Changes in endocrine profiles during ovsynch and ovsynch plus norprolac treatment in Murrah buffalo heifers at hot summer season.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the changes in hormonal profiles during ovsynch and ovsynch plus norprolac treatment in Murrah buffalo heifers following timed artificial insemination (TAI) at stressful summer months, through intensive endocrine analysis. The norprolac (an anti-prolactin drug) at the dose rate of 10.0 mg/animal /day effectively suppressed the level of prolactin upto 30 hours. The hormones quantified in blood plasma samples collected before, during and after ovsynch and ovsynch plus norprolac treatment were LH, prolactin, progesterone, estradiol-17beta and total estrogens. The plasma prolactin and progesterone concentrations were negatively correlated (r = - 0.24) during summer estrous cycle, which indicated prolactin-induced suppression of progesterone secretion through poor luteal development. The ovsynch treatment reduced the incidence of anestrous from 45% before treatment to only 18% after treatment. The norprolac induced prolactin suppression improved the efficiency of ovsynch treatment upto 100% cyclicity after treatment in comparison to 36% acyclicity before treatment. In both the treatments 45% and 55% of animal became pregnant after TAI, respectively. The high prolactin secretion contributed to poor fertility by lowering gonadal hormones (estradiol-17beta, total estrogens and progesterone) production in summer months. This finding of endocrine changes suggests that ovsynch protocol for estrus synchronization has potential application for improvement of fertility in repeat breeding buffaloes even during extreme summer months through suppression of prolactin secretion.

Shelf‐life modeling of sweetened condensed milk based on kinetics of maillard browning

Abstract: Nonenzymatic browning and related changes were monitored in commercial sweetened condensed milk stored at 7, 15, 30, 45 and 55C. Darkening of the color measured in terms of absorbance (100 - relfletance percent) followed zero-order kinetics, the apparent activation energy (E a ) being 45.2 2 kJ/mol at 7-30C and 139.9 kJ/mol at >30-55C. Hydroxy-methyl-furfural (HMF) showed a first-order increase, the associated E a values being smaller than those for absorbance. The pH exhibited a linear decline after a small initial rise at 30C and below. As browning progressed, the coffee whitening ability of the product decreased along zero-order kinetics. The Q 10 values for these variables ranged from 1.21 to 1. 84 for temperatures up to 30C and were nearly 2-3 times higher above 30C. The sensory color score was negatively correlated with absorbance. The linear regression of color score on absorbance and the temperature dependence of the latter as expressed by Arrhenius relationship were combined into a mathematical model which could be useful in predicting the product's shelf-life.

A rapid reversed-phase thin layer chromatographic protocol for detection of adulteration in ghee (clarified milk fat) with vegetable oils

Abstract: Detection of milk fat adulteration with foreign fats/oils continues to be a challenge for the dairy industry as well as food testing laboratories, especially in the present scenario of rampant adulteration using the scientific knowledge by unscrupulous persons involved in the trade. In the present investigation a rapid reversed-phase thin layer chromatographic (RP-TLC) protocol was standardized to ascertain the purity of milk fat. RP-TLC protocol did not show any false positive results in the genuine ghee (clarified butter fat) samples of known origin. Adulteration of ghee with coconut oil up to 7. 5 %, soybean oil, sunflower oil and groundnut oil up to 1 %, while, designer oil up to 2 % level could be detected using the standardized RP-TLC protocol. The protocol standardized is rapid and convenient to use.