New York University

About: New York University is a education organization based out in New York, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 72380 authors who have published 165545 publications receiving 8334030 citations. The organization is also known as: NYU & University of the City of New York.

The FGF family of growth factors and oncogenes.

Abstract: Publisher Summary The family of fibroblast growth factors (FGF) is the largest family of growth factors involved in soft–tissue growth and regeneration. The FGF family includes seven members that share a varying degree of homology at the protein level and appear to have a similar broad mitogenic spectrum. They are angiogenic and promote the proliferation of a variety of cells of mesodermal and neuroectodermal origin . Three members of the family–namely, K–FGF/HST, FGF–5, INT–2 are identified originally as oncogenes, while two additions, FGF–6 and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), are isolated by sequence homology or factor purification and cloning. FGF was identified as an activity in pituitary extracts that stimulated the proliferation of 3T3 cells in mice. The two prototypes of basic and acidic protein structure, the FGF genes, and the expressions of FGF are also discussed. FGF consist of three exons, separated by two introns of variable length and FGF genes map on several chromosomes. The molecular regulation of FGF expression, FGF receptors, and their interaction with extracellular matrix is described. The oncogenic potential of FGF members and their involvement in tumors is also discussed. All possible mechanisms operating on the expression of FGFs and their receptors: transcriptional controls, posttranscriptional regulation involving alternative splicing, alternative translation starts resulting in proteins with different properties, and control affecting the secretion of these proteins are discussed.

The Contribution of Expanding Portion Sizes to the US Obesity Epidemic

Abstract: Objectives Because larger food portions could be contributing to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity, this study was designed to weigh samples of marketplace foods, identify historical changes in the sizes of those foods, and compare current portions with federal standardsMethods We obtained information about current portions from manufacturers or from direct weighing; we obtained information about past portions from manufacturers or contemporary publicationsResults Marketplace food portions have increased in size and now exceed federal standards Portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, rose sharply in the 1980s, and have continued in parallel with increasing body weightsConclusions Because energy content increases with portion size, educational and other public health efforts to address obesity should focus on the need for people to consume smaller portions