Showing papers by "Sungkyunkwan University published in 2006"
TL;DR: The newly proposed model for extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma demonstrated a more balanced distribution of patients into four groups with better prognostic discrimination as compared with the International Prognostic Index.
Abstract: Purpose Patients with natural killer T (NK/T) -cell lymphomas have poor survival outcome, and for this condition there is no optimal therapy. The purpose of this study was to design a prognostic model specifically for extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, which can identify high-risk patients who need more aggressive therapy. Patients and Methods This multicenter retrospective study was comprised of 262 patients who were diagnosed with NK/T-cell lymphoma. Results After a median follow-up duration of 51.2 months, 5-year overall survival rate in 262 patients was 49.5%. Prognostic factors for survival were “B” symptoms (P = .0003; relative risk, 2.202; 95% CI, 1.446 to 3.353), stage (P = .0006; relative risk, 2.366; 95% CI, 1.462 to 3.828), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level (P = .0005; relative risk, 2.278; 95% CI, 1.442 to 3.598), and regional lymph nodes (P = .0044; relative risk, 1.546; 95% CI, 1.009 to 2.367). Of 262 patients, 219 had complete information on four parameters. We identified four different risk gr...
539 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that FoxO proteins promote hepatic glucose production through multiple mechanisms and contribute to the regulation of other metabolic pathways important in the adaptation to fasting and feeding in the liver, including glycolysis, the pentose phosphate shunt, and lipogenic and sterol synthetic pathways.
483 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Ricca et al. proved the global in time regularity for the 2D Boussinesq system with either the zero diffusivity or the zero viscosity.
458 citations
TL;DR: The results of the second phase of the Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino measurement are presented and compared to the first phase in this paper, showing no evidence of systematic tendencies between the first and second phases.
Abstract: The results of the second phase of the Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino measurement are presented and compared to the first phase. The solar neutrino flux spectrum and time variation as well as oscillation results are statistically consistent with the first phase and do not show spectral distortion. The time-dependent flux measurement of the combined first and second phases coincides with the full period of solar cycle 23 and shows no correlation with solar activity. The measured {sup 8}B total flux is (2.38{+-}0.05(stat.){sub -0.15}{sup +0.16}(sys.))x10{sup 6} cm{sup -2} s{sup -1} and the day-night difference is found to be (-6.3{+-}4.2(stat.){+-}3.7(sys.))%. There is no evidence of systematic tendencies between the first and second phases.
439 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the concept of network inertia, which refers to a persistent organizational resistance to changing interorganizational network ties or difficulties that an organization faces when it attempts to dissolve old relationships and form new network ties.
Abstract: We introduce the construct of network inertia, referring to a persistent organizational resistance to changing interorganizational network ties or difficulties that an organization faces when it attempts to dissolve old relationships and form new network ties. Previous research has neglected the process of network change in favor of an emphasis on identifying beneficial content effects of networks. We emphasize the constraints on network change and propose a multilevel conceptual model relating key sources of network inertia to changes in network ties. We also discuss the implications of network inertia for the evolution of networks.
403 citations
TL;DR: The aim of the present study was to accurately determine the actual prevalence of NAFLD by sonography and to characterize the risk factors forNAFLD.
Abstract: Background and Aim: Differences in the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) between Eastern and Western populations are primarily attributable to differences in definitions and biased population selection. Thus, the aim of the present study was to accurately determine the actual prevalence of NAFLD by sonography and to characterize the risk factors for NAFLD.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed with data obtained from 6648 subjects, all of whom were older than 20 years of age (3530 men and 3118 women). The term ‘non-drinker’ was applied to men who consumed less than 30 g alcohol/day and to women who consumed less than 20 g alcohol/day. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was defined as a sonographically detected fatty liver in the absence of viral hepatitis in a non-drinker.
Results: Of the 1613 subjects who were diagnosed with sonographic fatty liver, 1240 were non-drinkers and had no viral hepatitis. Overall, the unadjusted and age-adjusted prevalences of NAFLD were 18.7% (23% in men, 13.7% in women) and 16.1% (21.6% in men, 11.2% in women), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that several risk factors were profoundly associated with the prevalence of NAFLD, including obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in both genders, as well as age, menopausal status and estrogen medication in women only.
Conclusions: These results demonstrate that the prevalence of NAFLD in Korean adults, according to sonographic surveys, is comparable to that seen in more developed countries. From the perspective of increasing obesity, the high prevalence rates noted in the study may herald an increased burden of chronic liver disease in the Korean population.
366 citations
TL;DR: The experimental optical spectra agree with discrete dipole approximation calculations that have been modeled from the dimensions of the gold nanorods and allow for higher-order multipole resonances for the first time in a colloidal suspension.
Abstract: The optical properties of gold rods electrochemically deposited in anodic aluminum oxide templates have been investigated. Homogeneous suspensions of rods with an average diameter of 85 nm and varying lengths of 96, 186, 321, 465, 495, 578, 641, 735, and 1175 nm were fabricated. The purity and dimensions of these rod nanostructures allowed us to observe higher-order multipole resonances for the first time in a colloidal suspension. The experimental optical spectra agree with discrete dipole approximation calculations that have been modeled from the dimensions of the gold nanorods.
333 citations
TL;DR: Highly open porous biodegradable polymeric microspheres were fabricated for use as injectable scaffold microcarriers for cell delivery and could be potentially utilized for cultivating cells in a suspension manner and for delivering the seeded cells to the tissue defect site in an injectable manner.
325 citations
TL;DR: Age, TNM stage, and amplification of HER-2/neu were found to be independently related to survival by multivariate analysis, and patients exhibiting Herceptin therapy for gastric cancer patients might constitute potential candidates for new adjuvant therapies which involve the use of humanized monoclonal antibodies.
Abstract: The HER-2/neu protein is intimately involved with normal cell proliferation and tissue growth and is extensively homologous and related to the epidermal growth factor receptor. HER-2/neu protein expression has been most intensively studied in the context of breast carcinoma, in which its amplification and overexpression correlate with the overall course of disease, and with a poor prognosis, and constitute a predictive factor of poor response to chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the expression of HER-2/neu and the clinicopathological characteristics of tumors, including survival. This study was performed with a view toward the future introduction of Herceptin therapy for gastric cancer patients. HER-2/neu overexpression and gene amplification was examined with semiquantitative standardized immunohistochemical staining, chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 182 gastric cancer patients who underwent curative surgery at the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital. Twenty-nine (15.9%) of 182 patients expressed the HER-2/neu protein by immunohistochemistry. HER-2/neu gene amplification was detected in seven patients by CISH and FISH. Intestinal-type cancers exhibited higher rates of HER-2/neu amplification than did diffuse-type cancers (P < 0.05). Tumors with HER-2/neu amplification were associated with poor mean survival rates (922 vs 3243 days) and 5-year survival rates (21.4% vs 63.0%; P < 0.05). Age, TNM stage, and amplification of HER-2/neu were found to be independently related to survival by multivariate analysis. HER-2/neu amplification may constitute an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients, and patients exhibiting HER-2/neu amplification might constitute potential candidates for new adjuvant therapies which involve the use of humanized monoclonal antibodies.
300 citations
TL;DR: CT is superior to conventional angiography in delineating the ostial origin and proximal path of an anomalous coronary artery and an understanding of the clinical significance of these anomalies are essential in making a correct diagnosis and planning patient treatment.
Abstract: Congenital abnormalities of the coronary arteries are an uncommon but important cause of chest pain and, in some cases of hemodynamically significant abnormalities, sudden cardiac death. For several decades, premorbid diagnosis of coronary artery anomalies has been made with conventional angiography. However, this imaging technique has limitations due to its projectional and invasive nature. The recent development of electrocardiographically (ECG)-gated multi-detector row computed tomography (CT) allows accurate and noninvasive depiction of coronary artery anomalies of origin, course, and termination. Multi-detector row CT is superior to conventional angiography in delineating the ostial origin and proximal path of an anomalous coronary artery. Familiarity with the CT appearances of various coronary artery anomalies and an understanding of the clinical significance of these anomalies are essential in making a correct diagnosis and planning patient treatment.
297 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that treatment with the saturated fatty acid palmitic acid results in sustained JNK activation and insulin resistance in primary mouse hepatocytes and pancreatic β-cells.
Abstract: JNKs are attractive targets for treatment of obesity and type-2 diabetes. A sustained increase in JNK activity was observed in dietary and genetic models of obesity in mice, whereas JNK deficiency prevented obesity-induced insulin resistance. A similar insulin-sensitizing effect was seen upon treatment of obese mice with JNK inhibitors. We now demonstrate that treatment with the saturated fatty acid palmitic acid results in sustained JNK activation and insulin resistance in primary mouse hepatocytes and pancreatic β-cells. In the latter, palmitic acid treatment inhibits glucose-induced insulin gene transcription, in part, by interfering with autocrine insulin signaling through phosphorylation of insulin-receptor substrates 1 and 2 at sites that interfere with binding to activated insulin receptors. This mechanism may account for the induction of central insulin resistance by free fatty acids.
TL;DR: The efficient addition of bis(pinacolato)diboron to alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with a copper-diphosphine catalyst has been carried out and a dramatic rate acceleration of the reaction was realized by adding alcohol additives.
TL;DR: Caloric restriction (CR), a manipulation that protects the brain against aging and disease, increased activities of PMRS enzymes and antioxidant levels and levels of PM RS enzyme activities were higher, and markers of oxidative stress were lower in cultured neuronal cells treated with CR serum compared with those treated with ad libitum serum.
Abstract: The plasma membrane (PM) contains redox enzymes that provide electrons for energy metabolism and recycling of antioxidants such as coenzyme Q and α-tocopherol. Brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders involve impaired energy metabolism and oxidative damage, but the involvement of the PM redox system (PMRS) in these processes is unknown. Caloric restriction (CR), a manipulation that protects the brain against aging and disease, increased activities of PMRS enzymes (NADH-ascorbate free radical reductase, NADH-quinone oxidoreductase 1, NADH-ferrocyanide reductase, NADH-coenzyme Q10 reductase, and NADH-cytochrome c reductase) and antioxidant levels (α-tocopherol and coenzyme Q10) in brain PM during aging. Age-related increases in PM lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls, and nitrotyrosine were attenuated by CR, levels of PMRS enzyme activities were higher, and markers of oxidative stress were lower in cultured neuronal cells treated with CR serum compared with those treated with ad libitum serum. These findings suggest important roles for the PMRS in protecting brain cells against age-related increases in oxidative and metabolic stress.
TL;DR: The results suggest that phytoestrogens such as isoflavones may exert their effects as estrogen antagonists in a high estrogen environment, or they may act as estrogen agonists in a low estrogen environment.
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of [Cu]/[Mn] ratio and calcination temperatures on NOx conversions were investigated, and the results showed that the catalytic activity of Cu-Mn mixed oxides could be attributed mainly to surface areas and the crystalline nature.
TL;DR: The reaction layers of friction stir welded joints made from austenitic stainless steel and Al alloy consisted of mixed layers of elongated and ultra-fine grains and the intermetallic compound layer as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: Nine factors have been found to be associated with IPPB and polypectomy should be undertaken with caution under these conditions, and eight of them were significant risk factors for IPPB.
TL;DR: It is found that pVHL directly associates with and stabilizes p53 by suppressing Mdm2-mediated ubiquitination and nuclear export of p53, and invoked an interaction between p53 and p300 and the acetylation of p 53, which ultimately led to an increase in p53 transcriptional activity and p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the experimental results and prediction model for the autogenous shrinkage of concrete made with various water-to-cementitious materials ratios (w/cm) ranging from 0.27 to 0.42 and granulated blast-furnace slag (BFS) in the range of 0% to 50% by mass of the total cementitious materials.
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of telepresence on Spectator and Player Processing of Real and Fictitious Brands in a Computer Game was examined. But the authors did not consider the effect of virtual reality on the game itself.
Abstract: (2006). Examining the Influence of Telepresence on Spectator and Player Processing of Real and Fictitious Brands in a Computer Game. Journal of Advertising: Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 87-99.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measure earnings informativeness by estimating the firm's earnings response coefficient (ERC) in quarters prior to the forecast issuance decision, and find that the historic ERC is positively associated with management's issuance of earnings forecasts.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether the 18F-FDG uptake pattern and CT findings improved the accuracy over the standardized uptake value (SUV) for differentiating benign from malignant focal thyroid lesions incidentally found on PET/CT.
Abstract: In this retrospective study, we investigated whether the 18F-FDG uptake pattern and CT findings improved the accuracy over the standardized uptake value (SUV) for differentiating benign from malignant focal thyroid lesions incidentally found on 18F-FDG PET/CT. We also defined the prevalence of these lesions and their risk for cancer. Methods:18F-FDG PET/CT was performed on 1,763 subjects without a previous history of thyroid cancer from May 2003 to June 2004. Two nuclear medicine physicians and 1 radiologist interpreted PET/CT images, concentrating on the presence of focal thyroid lesions, the maximum SUV of the thyroid lesion, the pattern of background thyroid 18F-FDG uptake, and the CT attenuation pattern of the thyroid lesion. Results: The prevalence of focal thyroid lesions on PET/CT was 4.0% (70/1,763). Diagnostic confirmation was done on 44 subjects by ultrasonography (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration (n = 29) or US with clinical follow-up (n = 15). Among 49 focal thyroid lesions in these 44 subjects, 18 focal thyroid lesions of 17 subjects were histologically proven to be malignant (papillary cancer in 16, metastasis from esophageal cancer in 1, non–Hodgkin9s lymphoma in 1). Therefore, the cancer risk of focal thyroid lesions was 36.7% on a lesion-by-lesion basis or 38.6% on a subject-by-subject basis. The maximum SUV of malignant thyroid lesions was significantly higher than that of benign lesions (6.7 ± 5.5 vs. 10.7 ± 7.8; P
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented analytic and experimental comparisons for high-efficiency class-F and inverse-class-F amplifiers, where the analytic formula of the efficiencies, output powers, dc power dissipations and fundamental load impedances of both amplifiers were derived from the ideal current and voltage waveforms.
Abstract: This paper presents analytic and experimental comparisons for high-efficiency class-F and inverse class-F amplifiers. The analytic formula of the efficiencies, output powers, dc power dissipations, and fundamental load impedances of both amplifiers are derived from the ideal current and voltage waveforms. Based on the formula, the performances are compared with a reasonable condition: fundamental output power levels of class-F and inverse class-F amplifiers are conditioned to be identical. The results show that the inverse class-F amplifier has better efficiency than that of class-F amplifiers as the on-resistance of the transistor increases. For experimental comparison, we have designed and implemented the class-F and inverse class-F amplifiers at I-GHz band using a GaAs MESFET and analyzed the measured performances. Experimental results shows 10% higher power-added efficiency of the inverse class-F amplifier than that of the class-F amplifier, which verifies the waveform analysis.
TL;DR: The first evidence of the decay B-→τ-ντ, using 414fb-1 of data collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider, was presented in this article.
Abstract: We present the first evidence of the decay B-→τ-ντ, using 414fb-1 of data collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. Events are tagged by fully reconstructing one of the B mesons in hadronic modes. We detect the signal with a significance of 3.5 standard deviations including systematics and measure the branching fraction to be B(B-→τ-ντ)=(1.79-0.49+0.56(stat) -0.51+0.46(syst))×10-4. This implies that fB=0.229-0.031+0.036(stat)-0. 037+0.034(syst)GeV and is the first direct measurement of this quantity. © 2006 The American Physical Society.
TL;DR: This study provides evidence in which the exogeneous auxin signal is transduced to OsGH3-2 through miR167 and ARF8 in sequence, and could be an important one for responding to exogenous auxin and for determining the cellular free auxin level which guides appropriate auxin responses.
Abstract: MicroRNA167 (miR167) was shown to cleave auxin responsive factor 8 (ARF8) mRNA in cultured rice cells. MiR167 level was found to be controlled by the presence of auxin in the growth medium. When cells grew in auxin-free medium, miR167 level decreased, resulting in an increase in the level of ARF8 mRNA. Cells growing in the normal growth medium containing auxin showed a reversed trend. It was also shown that expression of OsGH3-2, an rice IAA-conjugating enzyme, was positively regulated by ARF8. Delivery of synthesized miR167 into cells led to decrease of both ARF8 mRNA and OsGH3-2 mRNA. This study provides an evidence in which the exogeneous auxin signal is transduced to OsGH3-2 through miR167 and ARF8 in sequence. This proposed auxin signal transduction pathway, auxin-miR167-ARF8-OsGH3-2, could be, in conjunction with the other microRNA-mediated auxin signals, an important one for responding to exogeneous auxin and for determining the cellular free auxin level which guides appropriate auxin responses.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of graphitic character of ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) on the performances of OMC supported catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) was presented.
TL;DR: Two methods are proposed: early SKIP mode decision and selective intra mode decision that are verified to significantly reduce the entire encoding time by about 60% with only negligible coding loss.
Abstract: The MPEG-4 Part-10 AVC/H.264 standard employs several powerful coding methods to obtain high compression efficiency. To reduce the temporal and spatial redundancy more effectively, motion compensation uses variable block sizes, and directional intra prediction investigates all available coding modes to decide the best one. When the rate-distortion (R-D) optimization technique is used, an encoder finds the coding mode having minimum R-D cost. Due to the large number of combinations of coding modes, the decision process requires extremely high computation. To reduce the complexity, we propose two methods: early SKIP mode decision and selective intra mode decision. In the simulation results, the proposed methods are verified to significantly reduce the entire encoding time by about 60% with only negligible coding loss
26 Jun 2006
TL;DR: A study of the intelligent learning environment where the learner's preferences are diagnosed, and then user interfaces are customized in an adaptive manner to accommodate the preferences.
Abstract: Each learner has different preferences and needs. Therefore, it is very crucial to provide the different styles of learners with different learning environments that are more preferred and more efficient to them. This paper reports a study of the intelligent learning environment where the learner's preferences are diagnosed, and then user interfaces are customized in an adaptive manner to accommodate the preferences. A learning system with a specific interface has been devised based on the learning-style model by Felder & Silverman, so that different learner preferences are revealed through user interactions with the system. Using this interface, learning styles are diagnosed from learner behavior patterns on the interface using Decision Tree and Hidden Markov Model approaches.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a method to detect the presence of brain tumors in the human brain using PhysRevLett, a Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-05-12.
Abstract: Reference EPFL-ARTICLE-154577doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.162001View record in Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-05-12
Tohoku Gakuin University1, University of Tokyo2, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics3, University of Tsukuba4, University of Sydney5, University of Melbourne6, National Central University7, Polish Academy of Sciences8, University of Maribor9, Tohoku University10, Chonnam National University11, Gyeongsang National University12, Sungkyunkwan University13, Princeton University14, Virginia Tech15, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research16, Korea University17, Nagoya University18, Nara Women's University19, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne20, Chiba University21, Niigata University22, Kyungpook National University23, University of Cincinnati24, Yonsei University25, Goethe University Frankfurt26, Austrian Academy of Sciences27, Seoul National University28, University of Science and Technology of China29, National Taiwan University30, Tokyo Metropolitan University31, Hiroshima Institute of Technology32, Osaka City University33, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology34, Toho University35, Kanagawa University36, Shinshu University37, Panjab University, Chandigarh38, University of Nova Gorica39, Peking University40, Tokyo Institute of Technology41
TL;DR: In this paper, a candidate C-even charmonium state is observed in the vicinity of 3.93 GeV/c(2), which is the previously unobserved chi(')(c2), the 2(3)P(2) state.
Abstract: We report on a search for new resonant states in the process gamma gamma -> D (D) over bar. A candidate C-even charmonium state is observed in the vicinity of 3.93 GeV/c(2). The production rate and the angular distribution in the gamma gamma center-of-mass frame suggest that this state is the previously unobserved chi(')(c2), the 2(3)P(2) charmonium state.