University of Hartford

About: University of Hartford is a education organization based out in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 1244 authors who have published 2481 publications receiving 48973 citations. The organization is also known as: UHart.

Testing trade‐off and pecking order models of capital structure: does legal system matter?

Abstract: Purpose – This paper aims to examine the link between financing patterns, information asymmetry and legal traditions in 37 countries during the 1990‐2004 period.Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on three theories: the trade‐off theory, pecking order hypothesis and market timing hypothesis. The authors test the predictions of these theories/hypotheses using regression analysis. The econometric method used is panel data with firm and country fixed effects. The authors develop a modified pecking order model which controls for short‐ and long‐term debt level changes and simultaneously test the predictions of all theories.Findings – Consistent with studies for US firms, the results show that firms across all countries adjust toward the target leverage, but with significantly different rate. The long‐term debt contribution in the rate of adjustment is 64 percent in common law countries and 51 percent in civil law countries. The ability of the model to explain changes in leverage ratios is high...

Closed-loop model for general multirate digital control systems

Abstract: The paper develops a model for a closed-loop digital control system that incorporates multirate sampling with dynamic compensation. The model completely represents system behaviour at a base sampling rate and at the integral multiple sampling rates in the system. A key feature of the model is that sampling rates can be modified conveniently, without significantly changing the structure of the model. Based on the multirate closed-loop system model, frequency-domain transfer characteristics of the system are developed. These functions are presented in such a way that the performance of different sampling regimes can be compared directly. The eigenvalues of the closed-loop system are also defined so that effects of sampling rate variation may be investigated. An example is included to illustrate use of the model

Improved Length Bounds for the Shortest Superstring Problem (Extended Abstract)

Abstract: Given a collection of strings S={s1,...,s n } over an alphabet Σ, a superstring α of S is a string containing each s i as a substring; that is, for each i, 1 ≤ i ≤ n, α contains a block of ¦si¦ consecutive characters that match s i exactly. The shortest superstring problem is the problem of finding a superstring α of minimum length. This problem is NP-hard [6] and has applications in computational biology and data compression. The first O(1)-approximation algorithms were given in [2]. We describe our 2 3/4-approximation algorithm, which is the best known. While our algorithm is not complex, our analysis requires some novel machinery to describe overlapping periodic strings. We then show how to combine our result with that of [11] to obtain a ratio of 2 50/69 ≈ 2.725. We describe an implementation of our algorithm which runs in O(¦S¦+n3) time; this matches the running time of previous O(1)-approximations.

Postoperative gait velocity and mean knee flexion in stance of ambulatory children with spastic diplegia four years or more after multilevel surgery

Abstract: Factors associated with longer-term outcomes of multilevel orthopaedic surgery in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy using a multivariate approach were evaluated using a retrospective pretest-posttest design. The population included 20 ambulatory children with spastic diplegia who had undergone multilevel orthopaedic surgery with a minimum of 4-year interval between a preoperative and a postoperative gait assessment. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with postoperative velocity and mean knee flexion in stance. Independent variables included in the regression models were velocity, mean knee flexion in stance, age at preoperative evaluation, Gross Motor Function Classification System level, use of ankle-foot orthoses, leg length, age-adjusted body mass index, number of surgical procedures, and range of motion of hip and knee. Children who demonstrated faster postoperative gait velocity 4 years or more after surgery were younger at the time of initial evaluation, had undergone fewer surgical procedures, had faster preoperative gait velocity, used ankle-foot orthoses postoperatively, and had increased hip extension range of motion postoperatively (R = 0.55). Children who demonstrated greater knee flexion in stance 4 years or more after surgery had undergone more surgical procedures, greater postoperative popliteal angle, and less knee extension range of motion (R = 0.73). This study demonstrates the usefulness of a multivariate approach toward understanding and predicting outcomes. The results of this study will provide clinicians and researchers more information about those factors associated with maintained improvements in the longer term and may be useful for treatment planning.

Micro Convergence and Macro Convergence: Factor Price Equalization and Per Capita Income

Abstract: Factor price equalization implies the equality of prices of the same productive factors across countries owing to free trade. The present paper examines the relationship between factor price equalization and the equality of per capita (per worker) incomes in the contexts of the static Heckscher–Ohlin trade model and the dynamic two-sector neoclassical growth model. Factor price equalization is shown to be neither necessary nor sufficient for equality of per capita incomes across trading countries.