Zhejiang Gongshang University

About: Zhejiang Gongshang University is a education organization based out in Hangzhou, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Chemistry. The organization has 8258 authors who have published 7670 publications receiving 90296 citations. The organization is also known as: Zhèjiāng Gōngshāng Dàxué.

Analysis and Implementation of an Open Programmable Router Based on Forwarding and Control Element Separation

Abstract: A router architecture based upon ForCES (Forwarding and Control Element Separation), which is being standardized by IETF ForCES working group, gains its competitive advantage over traditional router architectures in flexibility, programmability, and cost-effectiveness. In this paper, design and implementation of a ForCES-based router (ForTER) is illustrated. Firstly, the implementation architecture of ForTER is discussed. Then, a layered software model, which well illustrates ForCES features, is proposed. Based on the model, design and implementation of Control Element (CE) and Forwarding Element (FE) in ForTER are introduced in detail. Moreover, security for ForTER is considered and an algorithm to prevent DoS attacks is presented. Lastly, experiments of ForTER are illustrated for routing and running routing protocols, network management, DoS attack prevention, etc. The experimental results show the feasibility of the ForTER design. Consequently, the ForTER implementation basically testifies the feasibility of ForCES architecture and some IETF ForCES specifications.

Aquaculture Industry in China: Current State, Challenges, and Outlook

Abstract: Aquaculture in China accounts for nearly 70% of world aquaculture production. Aquaculture, including a wide variety of freshwater and marine fishes, shellfish, crustaceans, and aquatic plants, has become one of the most vital primary industries and a center of economic activity within the local and global economies. Along with the development of aquaculture, concerns come about such problems in the industry such as aquatic pollution, disease, genetic degradation of aquaculture species, decline of comparative profitability, lack of knowledge on market risks, and financial crises. Thus, there is a need to acquire further knowledge on this industry and provide sound suggestions for its sustainable development. This review aims to identify the current state of and challenges facing the aquaculture industry in China and to provide some suggestions for its sustainable development.

Mining High Utility Patterns in One Phase without Generating Candidates

Abstract: Utility mining is a new development of data mining technology. Among utility mining problems, utility mining with the itemset share framework is a hard one as no anti-monotonicity property holds with the interestingness measure. Prior works on this problem all employ a two-phase, candidate generation approach with one exception that is however inefficient and not scalable with large databases. The two-phase approach suffers from scalability issue due to the huge number of candidates. This paper proposes a novel algorithm that finds high utility patterns in a single phase without generating candidates. The novelties lie in a high utility pattern growth approach, a lookahead strategy, and a linear data structure. Concretely, our pattern growth approach is to search a reverse set enumeration tree and to prune search space by utility upper bounding. We also look ahead to identify high utility patterns without enumeration by a closure property and a singleton property. Our linear data structure enables us to compute a tight bound for powerful pruning and to directly identify high utility patterns in an efficient and scalable way, which targets the root cause with prior algorithms. Extensive experiments on sparse and dense, synthetic and real world data suggest that our algorithm is up to 1 to 3 orders of magnitude more efficient and is more scalable than the state-of-the-art algorithms.

Porcine β-Defensin 2 Attenuates Inflammation and Mucosal Lesions in Dextran Sodium Sulfate–Induced Colitis

Abstract: Intestinal permeability plays a critical role in the etiopathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Defensins, including porcine β-defensin (pBD)2, are crucial antimicrobial peptides for gut protection owing to their antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of pBD2 on mucosal injury and the disruption of the epithelial barrier during the pathological process of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. The effects and mechanism of pBD2 were evaluated both using a DSS-induced C57BL/6 mouse model and, in vitro, using Caco-2 and RAW264.7 cells. DSS-induced colitis was characterized by higher disease activity index, shortened colon length, elevated activities of myeloperoxidase and eosinophil peroxidase, histologic evidence of inflammation, and increased expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8. pBD2 increased the expression of zonula occludens-1, zonula occludens-2, claudin-1, mucin-1, and mucin-2 mRNA and proteins, and it decreased permeability to FITC-D, as well as apoptosis, in DSS-treated mice. pBD2 also decreased inflammatory infiltrates of the colon epithelium. In Caco-2 cells, pBD2 increased transepithelial electrical resistance and mucin mRNA expression, and it decreased the permeability of FITC-D while preserving the structural integrity of the tight junctions. The effects of pBD2 appeared to be through upregulation of the expression of genes associated with tight junctions and mucins, and by suppressing DSS-induced increases in inflammation, inducible NO synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and apoptosis. These results show that pBD2 improves DSS-induced changes in mucosal lesions and paracellular permeability, possibly by affecting the activation of NF-κB signaling. The present study demonstrates that intrarectal administration of pBD2 may be a novel preventive option for ulcerative colitis.