Journal ArticleDOI
Accelerating materials development for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production: Standards for methods, definitions, and reporting protocols
Zhebo Chen,Thomas F. Jaramillo,Todd G. Deutsch,Alan Kleiman-Shwarsctein,Arnold J. Forman,Nicolas Gaillard,Roxanne Garland,Kazuhiro Takanabe,Clemens Heske,Mahendra K. Sunkara,Eric W. McFarland,Kazunari Domen,Eric L. Miller,John A. Turner,Huyen N. Dinh +14 more
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In this paper, a flow chart with standard procedures for PEC characterization techniques for planar photoelectrode materials (i.e., not suspensions of particles) with a focus on single band gap absorbers is presented.Abstract:
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting for hydrogen production is a promising technology that uses sunlight and water to produce renewable hydrogen with oxygen as a by-product. In the expanding field of PEC hydrogen production, the use of standardized screening methods and reporting has emerged as a necessity. This article is intended to provide guidance on key practices in characterization of PEC materials and proper reporting of efficiencies. Presented here are the definitions of various efficiency values that pertain to PEC, with an emphasis on the importance of solar-to-hydrogen efficiency, as well as a flow chart with standard procedures for PEC characterization techniques for planar photoelectrode materials (i.e., not suspensions of particles) with a focus on single band gap absorbers. These guidelines serve as a foundation and prelude to a much more complete and in-depth discussion of PEC techniques and procedures presented elsewhere.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Photo-assisted electrodeposition of manganese oxide on TaON anodes: effect on water photooxidation capacity under visible light irradiation
Satnam Singh Gujral,Alexandr N. Simonov,Xi-Ya Fang,Masanobu Higashi,Thomas R. Gengenbach,Ryu Abe,Leone Spiccia +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the synergistic effect of coupling a photooxidation catalyst, tantalum oxynitride, and manganese oxide (MnOx) as electrooxidation catalysts in multi-component photoanodes for water oxidation is explored in near-neutral solutions under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm).
Journal ArticleDOI
Modified structural, morphological and photoelectrochemical properties of 120 MeV Ag9+ ion irradiated BaTiO3 thin films
Anjana Solanki,Jaya Shrivastava,Sumant Upadhyay,Surbhi Choudhary,Vidhika Sharma,Poonam Sharma,Pushpendra Kumar,Praveen Kumar,Sheryl H. Ehrman,Vibha R. Satsangi,Rohit Shrivastav,Sahab Dass +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of high electronic energy deposition on the structure, surface topography, optical property and photoelectrochemical behavior of barium titanate thin (BaTiO 3 ) films have been investigated by irradiating films with 120 MeV Ag 9+ ions at different ion fluences in the range of 1.
Book ChapterDOI
Incident Photon-to-Current Efficiency and Photocurrent Spectroscopy
Zhebo Chen,Todd G. Deutsch,Huyen N. Dinh,Kazunari Domen,Keith Emery,Arnold J. Forman,Nicolas Gaillard,Roxanne Garland,Clemens Heske,Thomas F. Jaramillo,Alan Kleiman-Shwarsctein,Eric Miller,Kazuhiro Takanabe,John A. Turner +13 more
TL;DR: The incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) is a measure of the ratio of the photocurrent versus the rate of incident photons (converted from the calibrated power of a light source) as a function of wavelength as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photo-Assisted Hydrogen Evolution with Reduced Graphene Oxide Catalyst on Silicon Nanowire Photocathode
TL;DR: In this paper, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was used as a non-metal catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in the silicon-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) conversion system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) analysis of ZnO/Al photoelectrodes and its photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production
TL;DR: In this article , photoelectrochemical analysis and the photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production of ZnO/Al photo-electrodes prepared with 0.5, 1 and 5 wt% of Al.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode
Akira Fujishima,Kenichi Honda +1 more
TL;DR: Water photolysis is investigated by exploiting the fact that water is transparent to visible light and cannot be decomposed directly, but only by radiation with wavelengths shorter than 190 nm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical Properties and Electronic Structure of Amorphous Germanium
Jan Tauc,R. Grigorovici,A. Vancu +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, the optical constants of amorphous Ge were determined for the photon energies from 0.08 to 1.6 eV, and the absorption is due to k-conserving transitions of holes between the valence bands as in p-type crystals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Powering the planet: Chemical challenges in solar energy utilization
Nathan S. Lewis,Daniel G. Nocera +1 more
TL;DR: Solar energy is by far the largest exploitable resource, providing more energy in 1 hour to the earth than all of the energy consumed by humans in an entire year, and if solar energy is to be a major primary energy source, it must be stored and dispatched on demand to the end user.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conduction in non-crystalline systems V. Conductivity, optical absorption and photoconductivity in amorphous semiconductors
E. A. Davis,Nevill Mott +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the experimental evidence concerning the density of states in amorphous semiconductors and the ranges of energy in which states are localized is reviewed; this includes d.c and a.c. conductivity, drift mobility and optical absorption.
Journal ArticleDOI
New contributions to the optics of intensely light-scattering materials.
TL;DR: In this paper, the Gurevic and Judd formulas were derived from the Kubelka-Munk differential equations, and they are exact under the same conditions as in this paper, that is, when the material is perfectly dull and when the light, is perfectly diffused or if it is parallel and hits the specimen under an angle of 60° from normal.