Journal ArticleDOI
Accelerating materials development for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production: Standards for methods, definitions, and reporting protocols
Zhebo Chen,Thomas F. Jaramillo,Todd G. Deutsch,Alan Kleiman-Shwarsctein,Arnold J. Forman,Nicolas Gaillard,Roxanne Garland,Kazuhiro Takanabe,Clemens Heske,Mahendra K. Sunkara,Eric W. McFarland,Kazunari Domen,Eric L. Miller,John A. Turner,Huyen N. Dinh +14 more
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In this paper, a flow chart with standard procedures for PEC characterization techniques for planar photoelectrode materials (i.e., not suspensions of particles) with a focus on single band gap absorbers is presented.Abstract:
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting for hydrogen production is a promising technology that uses sunlight and water to produce renewable hydrogen with oxygen as a by-product. In the expanding field of PEC hydrogen production, the use of standardized screening methods and reporting has emerged as a necessity. This article is intended to provide guidance on key practices in characterization of PEC materials and proper reporting of efficiencies. Presented here are the definitions of various efficiency values that pertain to PEC, with an emphasis on the importance of solar-to-hydrogen efficiency, as well as a flow chart with standard procedures for PEC characterization techniques for planar photoelectrode materials (i.e., not suspensions of particles) with a focus on single band gap absorbers. These guidelines serve as a foundation and prelude to a much more complete and in-depth discussion of PEC techniques and procedures presented elsewhere.read more
Citations
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Solar Water Splitting Cells
Michael G. Walter,Emily L. Warren,James R. McKone,Shannon W. Boettcher,Qixi Mi,Elizabeth A. Santori,Nathan S. Lewis +6 more
TL;DR: The biggest challenge is whether or not the goals need to be met to fully utilize solar energy for the global energy demand can be met in a costeffective way on the terawatt scale.
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Semiconductor-based Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
TL;DR: Approaches to Modifying the Electronic Band Structure for Visible-Light Harvesting and its Applications d0 Metal Oxide Photocatalysts 6518 4.4.1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent Advances in Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials
Chaoliang Tan,Xiehong Cao,Xiehong Cao,Xue-Jun Wu,Qiyuan He,Jian Yang,Xiao Zhang,Junze Chen,Wei Zhao,Shikui Han,Gwang-Hyeon Nam,Melinda Sindoro,Hua Zhang +12 more
TL;DR: The unique advances on ultrathin 2D nanomaterials are introduced, followed by the description of their composition and crystal structures, and the assortments of their synthetic methods are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent advances in semiconductors for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting
TL;DR: This introductory review covers the fundamental aspects of photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting and recent advances in the water splitting reaction under visible light will be presented with a focus on non-oxide semiconductor materials to give an overview of the various problems and solutions.
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Nanoporous BiVO4 Photoanodes with Dual-Layer Oxygen Evolution Catalysts for Solar Water Splitting
Tae Woo Kim,Kyoung-Shin Choi +1 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a nanoporous morphology effectively suppresses bulk carrier recombination without additional doping, manifesting an electron-hole separation yield of 0.90 at 1.23 volts (V) versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE).
References
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Sensitized layered metal oxide semiconductor particles for photochemical hydrogen evolution from nonsacrificial electron donors
TL;DR: In this paper, the conduction band edge potentials of the acid-exchanged titanates were too positive to prevent semiconductor-mediated recombination of photogenerated H[sub 2] and I[sub 3][sup [minus]].
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On the determination of the flat-band potential of a semiconductor in contact with a metal or an electrolyte from the Mott-Schottky plot
TL;DR: In this article, the flat-band potential of semiconductor/metal Schottky barriers is determined by capacitance measurements and the conditions under which the flatband potential can be determined.
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High-efficiency integrated multijunction photovoltaic/electrolysis systems for hydrogen production
TL;DR: In this paper, two integrated photovoltaic/electrolysis systems were studied, and a high solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency cell demonstrated, where the areas of the PV device and the electrolyzer are identical.
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Photoelectrolysis of water using semiconducting TiO2 crystals
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that TiO2 can be used in a photoelectrochemical cell to decompose water with band-gap light (hν ⩾ 3.0 eV).
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Cu2O: Electrodeposition and Characterization
TL;DR: In this article, a polycrystalline Cu2O oxide was electrodeposited on transparent conducting substrates from alkaline Cu(II) lactate solutions, and the growth of the oxide involves a thermally activated process, for which an activation energy of 0.8 eV was found.