Journal ArticleDOI
Accelerating materials development for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production: Standards for methods, definitions, and reporting protocols
Zhebo Chen,Thomas F. Jaramillo,Todd G. Deutsch,Alan Kleiman-Shwarsctein,Arnold J. Forman,Nicolas Gaillard,Roxanne Garland,Kazuhiro Takanabe,Clemens Heske,Mahendra K. Sunkara,Eric W. McFarland,Kazunari Domen,Eric L. Miller,John A. Turner,Huyen N. Dinh +14 more
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In this paper, a flow chart with standard procedures for PEC characterization techniques for planar photoelectrode materials (i.e., not suspensions of particles) with a focus on single band gap absorbers is presented.Abstract:
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting for hydrogen production is a promising technology that uses sunlight and water to produce renewable hydrogen with oxygen as a by-product. In the expanding field of PEC hydrogen production, the use of standardized screening methods and reporting has emerged as a necessity. This article is intended to provide guidance on key practices in characterization of PEC materials and proper reporting of efficiencies. Presented here are the definitions of various efficiency values that pertain to PEC, with an emphasis on the importance of solar-to-hydrogen efficiency, as well as a flow chart with standard procedures for PEC characterization techniques for planar photoelectrode materials (i.e., not suspensions of particles) with a focus on single band gap absorbers. These guidelines serve as a foundation and prelude to a much more complete and in-depth discussion of PEC techniques and procedures presented elsewhere.read more
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Performance Limits of Photoelectrochemical CO2 Reduction Based on Known Electrocatalysts and the Case for Two-Electron Reduction Products
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors modeled the solar-to-fuel (STF) efficiencies using realistic parameters based on recently reported CO2 reduction catalysts with a high performance tandem photoabsorber structure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plasmonic layer enhanced photoelectrochemical response of Fe 2 O 3 photoanodes
Anuradha Verma,Anupam Srivastav,Anamika Banerjee,Dipika Sharma,Shailja Sharma,Udai B. Singh,Vibha R. Satsangi,Rohit Shrivastav,D.K. Avasthi,Sahab Dass +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of plasmonic layer in Zr-doped Fe 2 O 3 (Z-F) thin film based photoanodes deposited in different configurations for photo splitting of water was investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stabilizing effect in nano-titania functionalized CdS photoanode for sustained hydrogen generation
TL;DR: In this article, the surface of spray-deposition CdS thin film was modified through bi-functional molecule mediated chemisorption of TiO 2 nanoparticles (NP).
Journal ArticleDOI
Enabling efficient visible light photocatalytic water splitting over SrTaO2N by incorporating Sr in its B site
TL;DR: In this article, a complex perovskite oxynitride (Sr3(Sr1/3Ta2/3)3O9−xNy) was proposed for solar energy conversion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient Visible Light Photocatalyst Fabricated by Depositing Plasmonic Ag Nanoparticles on Conductive Polymer-Protected Si Nanowire Arrays for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation
TL;DR: A new strategy of first protecting and then activating to develop a stable visible light photoanode for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production is demonstrated, and AgNPs/PEDOT/SiNW arrays show an encouraging solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency and a pronounced incident photo- to-current conversion efficiency across the whole visible region.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode
Akira Fujishima,Kenichi Honda +1 more
TL;DR: Water photolysis is investigated by exploiting the fact that water is transparent to visible light and cannot be decomposed directly, but only by radiation with wavelengths shorter than 190 nm.
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Optical Properties and Electronic Structure of Amorphous Germanium
Jan Tauc,R. Grigorovici,A. Vancu +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, the optical constants of amorphous Ge were determined for the photon energies from 0.08 to 1.6 eV, and the absorption is due to k-conserving transitions of holes between the valence bands as in p-type crystals.
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Powering the planet: Chemical challenges in solar energy utilization
Nathan S. Lewis,Daniel G. Nocera +1 more
TL;DR: Solar energy is by far the largest exploitable resource, providing more energy in 1 hour to the earth than all of the energy consumed by humans in an entire year, and if solar energy is to be a major primary energy source, it must be stored and dispatched on demand to the end user.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conduction in non-crystalline systems V. Conductivity, optical absorption and photoconductivity in amorphous semiconductors
E. A. Davis,Nevill Mott +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the experimental evidence concerning the density of states in amorphous semiconductors and the ranges of energy in which states are localized is reviewed; this includes d.c and a.c. conductivity, drift mobility and optical absorption.
Journal ArticleDOI
New contributions to the optics of intensely light-scattering materials.
TL;DR: In this paper, the Gurevic and Judd formulas were derived from the Kubelka-Munk differential equations, and they are exact under the same conditions as in this paper, that is, when the material is perfectly dull and when the light, is perfectly diffused or if it is parallel and hits the specimen under an angle of 60° from normal.