Journal ArticleDOI
Accelerating materials development for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production: Standards for methods, definitions, and reporting protocols
Zhebo Chen,Thomas F. Jaramillo,Todd G. Deutsch,Alan Kleiman-Shwarsctein,Arnold J. Forman,Nicolas Gaillard,Roxanne Garland,Kazuhiro Takanabe,Clemens Heske,Mahendra K. Sunkara,Eric W. McFarland,Kazunari Domen,Eric L. Miller,John A. Turner,Huyen N. Dinh +14 more
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In this paper, a flow chart with standard procedures for PEC characterization techniques for planar photoelectrode materials (i.e., not suspensions of particles) with a focus on single band gap absorbers is presented.Abstract:
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting for hydrogen production is a promising technology that uses sunlight and water to produce renewable hydrogen with oxygen as a by-product. In the expanding field of PEC hydrogen production, the use of standardized screening methods and reporting has emerged as a necessity. This article is intended to provide guidance on key practices in characterization of PEC materials and proper reporting of efficiencies. Presented here are the definitions of various efficiency values that pertain to PEC, with an emphasis on the importance of solar-to-hydrogen efficiency, as well as a flow chart with standard procedures for PEC characterization techniques for planar photoelectrode materials (i.e., not suspensions of particles) with a focus on single band gap absorbers. These guidelines serve as a foundation and prelude to a much more complete and in-depth discussion of PEC techniques and procedures presented elsewhere.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Fluorine doped copper tungsten nanoflakes with enhanced charge separation for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation
TL;DR: In this article, a facile fluorine doping approach was developed, in which F− anions were incorporated into the crystal lattice of n-type CuWO4 nanoflakes and served as effective electron donors to increase the electron density.
Book ChapterDOI
Advanced and In Situ Analytical Methods for Solar Fuel Materials
Candace K. Chan,Harun Tüysüz,Artur Braun,Chinmoy Ranjan,Fabio La Mantia,Benjamin K. Miller,Liuxian Zhang,Peter A. Crozier,Joel A. Haber,John M. Gregoire,Hyun S. Park,Adam S. Batchellor,Lena Trotochaud,Shannon W. Boettcher +13 more
TL;DR: In this chapter, several in situ and high throughput characterization tools are discussed in detail along with their impact on the understanding of solar fuel materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhanced photoelectrochemical activity of electrochemically deposited ZnO nanorods for water splitting reaction
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of deposition potential on ZnO microstructure, optical absorption, and photocatalytic activity for water splitting reaction was studied in detail, and the films were potentiodynamically grown by applying different deposition potentials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Perowskitoxid‐Elektroden zur leistungsstarken photoelektrochemischen Wasserspaltung
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhancing Photoelectrochemical Energy Storage by Large-Area CdS-Coated Nickel Nanoantenna Arrays
Rambabu Yalavarthi,Luca Mascaretti,Zhaxylyk A. Kudyshev,Aveek Dutta,Sergii Kalytchuk,Radek Zbořil,Patrik Schmuki,Vladimir M. Shalaev,Štěpán Kment,Alexandra Boltasseva,Alberto Naldoni +10 more
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode
Akira Fujishima,Kenichi Honda +1 more
TL;DR: Water photolysis is investigated by exploiting the fact that water is transparent to visible light and cannot be decomposed directly, but only by radiation with wavelengths shorter than 190 nm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical Properties and Electronic Structure of Amorphous Germanium
Jan Tauc,R. Grigorovici,A. Vancu +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, the optical constants of amorphous Ge were determined for the photon energies from 0.08 to 1.6 eV, and the absorption is due to k-conserving transitions of holes between the valence bands as in p-type crystals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Powering the planet: Chemical challenges in solar energy utilization
Nathan S. Lewis,Daniel G. Nocera +1 more
TL;DR: Solar energy is by far the largest exploitable resource, providing more energy in 1 hour to the earth than all of the energy consumed by humans in an entire year, and if solar energy is to be a major primary energy source, it must be stored and dispatched on demand to the end user.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conduction in non-crystalline systems V. Conductivity, optical absorption and photoconductivity in amorphous semiconductors
E. A. Davis,Nevill Mott +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the experimental evidence concerning the density of states in amorphous semiconductors and the ranges of energy in which states are localized is reviewed; this includes d.c and a.c. conductivity, drift mobility and optical absorption.
Journal ArticleDOI
New contributions to the optics of intensely light-scattering materials.
TL;DR: In this paper, the Gurevic and Judd formulas were derived from the Kubelka-Munk differential equations, and they are exact under the same conditions as in this paper, that is, when the material is perfectly dull and when the light, is perfectly diffused or if it is parallel and hits the specimen under an angle of 60° from normal.