![Figure 3. Example of Biofabrication Strategies that use Biomaterials To Provide Only Structural Integrity. (A) An extrusion bioprinter is used to deposit cell aggregates as spheroids and/or cylinders. (B) Deposition strategy for fabricating a straight or (C) branched hollow shape. (D) Representation of cells culture on thermoresponsive culture plates, and (E) cell-sheet stacking as steps for (F) obtaining a complex structure in a cell-sheet biofabrication method. Adapted, with permission, from [121] and [81].](/figures/figure-3-example-of-biofabrication-strategies-that-use-298ffpgf.webp)
![Figure 4. Biofabrication Strategy Based on Skewering of Tissue Spheroids. (A) Custom-made device for automatic skewering. (B) Stacking strategy for obtaining a hollow shape. (C) Vascular graft generated from mesenchymal stem cells using the skewering approach. Adapted, with permission, from [74].](/figures/figure-4-biofabrication-strategy-based-on-skewering-of-3sg5hus1.webp)
Q2. What are the future works mentioned in the paper "Biofabrication: a guide to technology and terminology" ?
In the case that the biological systems considered by Zhang and colleagues are used as part of a fabrication approach, the authors wish to stress that, according to the most recent definition of biofabrication [ 1 ], ‘ additive biomanufacturing ’ is a subfield of biofabrication.
Q3. What could be done to improve the bioactive properties of the fibers?
surface modification techniques could be used to functionalize the fibers and allow grafting of bioactive agents at specific sites [32].
Q4. What is the important recent development in the field of biospinning?
An important recent development in the field of electrospinning is the possibility to control the deposition of fibers at the scale of a single fiber.
Q5. What are the common uses of these platforms?
These platforms are typically used in association with a biomaterial formulation, namely hydrogel networks, to culture cells in 3D and study mechanisms behind pathological events and possible treatments.
Q6. Why is the post-processing phase practically nonexistent?
Because the post-processing phase is practically nonexistent, there is a limited need for intervening layers or binders and solvents to remove excess material, as with most other techniques.
Q7. What was the reason why the design of such features was considered indispensable?
It was reasoned that the design of such features would be indispensable to obtain structurally functional biological substitutes.
Q8. What is the RTM ratio for bioplotting?
The RTM ratio is 0.5 10 3 m2/minute for bioplotting as a consequence of rapid scaffold production but low resolution, and 0.1 10 3 m2/minute for ink-jet bioprinting due to high resolution but also high fabrication time per unit volume.
Q9. What is the importance of a concerted terminology framework?
As the number of biofabrication technologies being developed continues to expand, it is of paramount importance to adopt a concerted terminology framework and avoid generalizations.
Q10. What is the RTM ratio for the biofabrication field?
In the biofabrication field, the order of magnitude of R and P are 1/mm and mm3/minute respectively: hence, the RTM ratio must be expressed in 10 3 m2/minute for an easier comparison between different technologies.
Q11. What is the RTM ratio for stereolithography?
Using data in the literature, an RTM ratio of about 0.5 10 3 m2/minute can be estimated for SLA, which places this method among the more efficient techniques.
Q12. What is the way to create a 3D structure?
If the ablation process is conducted in all the three directions, or if laminated porous films are stacked and bonded on top of each other, a 3D structure can be created.