Journal ArticleDOI
Biophysical regulation of epigenetic state and cell reprogramming
Timothy L. Downing,Jennifer Soto,Constant Morez,Constant Morez,Timothee Houssin,Timothee Houssin,Ashley L. Fritz,Falei Yuan,Falei Yuan,Julia Chu,Shyam Patel,David V. Schaffer,Song Li +12 more
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TLDR
It is shown that biophysical cues, in the form of parallel microgrooves on the surface of cell-adhesive substrates, can replace the effects of small-molecule epigenetic modifiers and significantly improve reprogramming efficiency and promote a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in adult fibroblasts.Abstract:
Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells biochemically through the expression of a few transcription factors. It is now shown that aligned microgrooves or nanofibres on cell-adhesive substrates can promote the reprogramming of somatic cells more efficiently through epigenetic regulation of genes related to pluripotency and the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. The findings suggest that the epigenetic state can be regulated by variations in cell morphology.read more
Citations
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Substrate curvature as a cue to guide spatiotemporal cell and tissue organization.
TL;DR: A more formal curvature framework is provided, based on the notions of mean and Gaussian curvature, and the available evidence on curvature guidance at the cell and tissue levels is summarized, showing that relatively simple computational models are able to capture experimental tissue growth remarkably well.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biophysical Regulation of Chromatin Architecture Instills a Mechanical Memory in Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Su Jin Heo,Stephen D. Thorpe,Tristan P. Driscoll,Tristan P. Driscoll,Randall L. Duncan,David A. Lee,Robert L. Mauck,Robert L. Mauck +7 more
TL;DR: Increased strain levels and number of loading events led to a greater degree of chromatin condensation that persisted for longer periods of time after the cessation of loading, indicating that, with mechanical perturbation, MSCs develop a mechanical memory encoded in structural changes in the nucleus which may sensitize them to future mechanical loading events and define the trajectory and persistence of their lineage specification.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatial confinement downsizes the inflammatory response of macrophages
Nikhil Jain,Viola Vogel +1 more
TL;DR: Physical confinement of macrophages is shown to down-regulate pro-inflammatory gene transcription, lowering pro- inflammatory macrophage activation and phagocytic potential.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: A Year in Review
TL;DR: This "Year in Review" highlights some of the high-impact advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine and identifies the recent "hot topics" and the key publications pertaining to these themes as well as ideas that have high potential to direct the field.
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Graphene-Based Materials in Regenerative Medicine
Xili Ding,Haifeng Liu,Yubo Fan +2 more
TL;DR: The most exciting findings addressing the impact of graphene-based materials on regenerative medicine are highlighted, with particular emphasis on their applications including nerve, bone, cartilage, skeletal muscle, cardiac, skin, adipose tissue regeneration, and their effects on the induced pluripotent stem cells.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors.
TL;DR: Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic or adult fibroblasts by introducing four factors, Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4, under ES cell culture conditions is demonstrated and iPS cells, designated iPS, exhibit the morphology and growth properties of ES cells and express ES cell marker genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Matrix elasticity directs stem cell lineage specification.
TL;DR: Naive mesenchymal stem cells are shown here to specify lineage and commit to phenotypes with extreme sensitivity to tissue-level elasticity, consistent with the elasticity-insensitive commitment of differentiated cell types.
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Somatic Cells
Junying Yu,Maxim A. Vodyanik,Kim Smuga-Otto,Jessica Antosiewicz-Bourget,Jennifer L. Frane,Shulan Tian,Jeff Nie,Gudrun A. Jonsdottir,Victor Ruotti,Ron Stewart,Igor I. Slukvin,James A. Thomson +11 more
TL;DR: This article showed that OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and LIN28 factors are sufficient to reprogram human somatic cells to pluripotent stem cells that exhibit the essential characteristics of embryonic stem (ES) cells.
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Cell shape, cytoskeletal tension, and rhoa regulate stem cell lineage commitment
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that cell shape regulates commitment of human mesenchymal stem cells to adipocyte or osteoblast fate and mechanical cues experienced in developmental and adult contexts, embodied by cell shape, cytoskeletal tension, and RhoA signaling, are integral to the commitment of stem cell fate.
Supporting Online Material for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Somatic Cells
Junying Yu,Maxim A. Vodyanik,Kim Smuga-Otto,Jessica Antosiewicz-Bourget,Jennifer L. Frane,Shulan Tian,Jeff Nie,Gudrun A. Jonsdottir,Victor Ruotti,Ron M. Stewart,Igor I. Slukvin,James A. Thomson +11 more
TL;DR: Yu et al. as discussed by the authors proposed online material for induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human Somatic Cells, which can be used for transplanting human stem cells to humans.