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Open AccessJournal Article

Building a Practically Useful Theory of Goal Setting and Task Motivation

Edwin A. Locke, +1 more
- 01 Jan 2002 - 
- Vol. 57, Iss: 9
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TLDR
The authors summarize 35 years of empirical research on goal-setting theory, describing the core findings of the theory, the mechanisms by which goals operate, moderators of goal effects, the relation of goals and satisfaction, and the role of goals as mediators of incentives.
Abstract
University of TorontoThe authors summarize 35 years of empirical research ongoal-setting theory. They describe the core findings of thetheory, the mechanisms by which goals operate, modera-tors of goal effects, the relation of goals and satisfaction,and the role of goals as mediators of incentives. Theexternal validity and practical significance of goal-settingtheory are explained, and new directions in goal-settingresearch are discussed. The relationships of goal setting toother theories are described as are the theory’s limitations.

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Citations
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Conscientiousness in the classroom: a process explanation.

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Pygmalion and Employee Learning: The Role of Leader Behaviors:

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate which leader behaviors mediate the relationship between leader expectations and employee engagement in learning activities and find that goal setting lies at the heart of the Pygmalion effect.

Motives to Self-Regulate Learning: A Social Cognitive Account

TL;DR: In this paper, a cyclical phase conceptualization of Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) and self-motivation, microanalytic and other event measures of SRL and motivation, the development of self-regulatory sources of motivation from social learning experiences, and the cyclical social cognitive intervention to empower students with selfregulatory defiencies.
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Vocational Identity as a Mediator of the Relationship between Core Self-Evaluations and Life and Job Satisfaction

TL;DR: This article investigated whether vocational identity achievement mediates the relation between basic personality dispositions (i.e. core self-evaluations) and career and well-being outcomes in terms of job and life satisfaction.
References
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Book

Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control

TL;DR: SelfSelf-Efficacy (SE) as discussed by the authors is a well-known concept in human behavior, which is defined as "belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to produce given attainments".
Book ChapterDOI

Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a critique of expected utility theory as a descriptive model of decision making under risk, and develop an alternative model, called prospect theory, in which value is assigned to gains and losses rather than to final assets and in which probabilities are replaced by decision weights.
Book

Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory

TL;DR: In this paper, models of Human Nature and Casualty are used to model human nature and human health, and a set of self-regulatory mechanisms are proposed. But they do not consider the role of cognitive regulators.