Open AccessJournal Article
Building a Practically Useful Theory of Goal Setting and Task Motivation
Edwin A. Locke,Gary P. Latham +1 more
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The authors summarize 35 years of empirical research on goal-setting theory, describing the core findings of the theory, the mechanisms by which goals operate, moderators of goal effects, the relation of goals and satisfaction, and the role of goals as mediators of incentives.Abstract:
University of TorontoThe authors summarize 35 years of empirical research ongoal-setting theory. They describe the core findings of thetheory, the mechanisms by which goals operate, modera-tors of goal effects, the relation of goals and satisfaction,and the role of goals as mediators of incentives. Theexternal validity and practical significance of goal-settingtheory are explained, and new directions in goal-settingresearch are discussed. The relationships of goal setting toother theories are described as are the theory’s limitations.read more
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Enriching Goal-Setting Theory with Time: An Integrated Approach
Yitzhak Fried,Linda H. Slowik +1 more
TL;DR: The overlooked role of time in goal-setting theory is examined and how the integration of time adds to its dynamism and validity in the increasingly complex, constantly changing work environment is demonstrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Learning from successful and failed experience: The moderating role of kind of after-event review.
TL;DR: The claim that appropriate "after-event review (AER)" may increase the relative value of drawing lessons from successes, as compared with failures, was examined and 2 results were demonstrated: Drawing lessons from successful experience is feasible, and its effectiveness is contingent upon the type of AER.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reflection as a strategy to enhance task performance after feedback
TL;DR: The authors developed and tested a reflection strategy to stimulate deeper learning after feedback, and found that reflection combined with feedback enhanced performance improvement on a web-based work simulation better than feedback alone.
Journal ArticleDOI
Motivating energy-efficient behavior with Green Is: an investigation of goal setting and the role of defaults
TL;DR: The study's approach, which combines hypothesis-driven work and design-oriented IS research, could serve as a blueprint for further research endeavors of this kind, particularly with regard to feedback systems based on future smart metering infrastructures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Managing Joint Production Motivation: The Role of Goal Framing and Governance Mechanisms
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors contribute to the microfoundations of organizational performance by proffering the construct of joint production motivation, where individuals see themselves as part of a joint endeavor, each with his or her own roles and responsibilities; generate shared representations of actions and tasks; cognitively coordinate cooperation; and choose their own behaviors in terms of joint goals.
References
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Book
Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control
TL;DR: SelfSelf-Efficacy (SE) as discussed by the authors is a well-known concept in human behavior, which is defined as "belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to produce given attainments".
Book
Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research
Martin Fishbein,Icek Ajzen +1 more
Book ChapterDOI
Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk
Daniel Kahneman,Amos Tversky +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a critique of expected utility theory as a descriptive model of decision making under risk, and develop an alternative model, called prospect theory, in which value is assigned to gains and losses rather than to final assets and in which probabilities are replaced by decision weights.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prospect theory: analysis of decision under risk
Daniel Kahneman,Amos Tversky +1 more
Book
Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory
TL;DR: In this paper, models of Human Nature and Casualty are used to model human nature and human health, and a set of self-regulatory mechanisms are proposed. But they do not consider the role of cognitive regulators.