Journal ArticleDOI
Chronic Parkinsonism in humans due to a product of meperidine-analog synthesis
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TLDR
It is proposed that this chemical selectively damages cells in the substantia nigra in patients who developed marked parkinsonism after using an illicit drug intravenously.Abstract:
Four persons developed marked parkinsonism after using an illicit drug intravenously. Analysis of the substance injected by two of these patients revealed primarily 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) with trace amounts of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-4-propionoxy-piperidine (MPPP). On the basis of the striking parkinsonian features observed in our patients, and additional pathological data from one previously reported case, it is proposed that this chemical selectively damages cells in the substantia nigra.read more
Citations
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C. elegans as a Model Organism to Investigate Molecular Pathways Involved with Parkinson's Disease
Adam J. Harrington,Shusei Hamamichi,Guy A. Caldwell,Guy A. Caldwell,Kim A. Caldwell,Kim A. Caldwell +5 more
TL;DR: How the nematode roundworm, Caenorhabditis elegans, has been used as a model organism for studying various aspects of this neurodegenerative disease is described, and future areas of investigation are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative stress, antioxidants and neurodegenerative diseases.
TL;DR: This review summarizes the available data from experimental studies and clinical trials on antioxidant neuroprotection in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease and demonstrates a neuroprotective effects of antioxidants in vitro and in animal models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parkinson's disease-associated human ATP13A2 (PARK9) deficiency causes zinc dyshomeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction
TL;DR: The data provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of zinc dyshomeostasis in PD and its contribution to mitochondrial dysfunction with ATP13A2 as a molecular link between the two distinctive aetiological factors of PD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Depletion of glutathione in brainstem of mice caused by N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine is prevented by antioxidant pretreatment
TL;DR: It seems likely that MPTP metabolites directly damage dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons and that GSH is consumed in attempts to detoxify these metabolites in the substantia nigra.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increased susceptibility to MPTP toxicity in middle-aged rhesus monkeys
TL;DR: A significant inverse correlation was seen between age and MPTP dose needed to produce stable, moderate parkinsonian features, and the older animals consistently displayed more severe bradykinesia, upper limb rigidity, and balance and gait abnormalities.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chronic Parkinsonism secondary to intravenous injection of meperidine analogues.
Glenn C. Davis,Adrian C. Williams,Sanford P. Markey,Michael H. Ebert,Eric D. Caine,Cheryl M. Reichert,Irwin J. Kopin +6 more
TL;DR: Biogenic amines and metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid and microscopic evaluation of the brain at necropsy were consistent with damage to aminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.
Journal ArticleDOI
Apraxia of lid opening
Jack E. Goldstein,David G. Cogan +1 more
TL;DR: Apraxia of lid opening is a nonparalytic motor abnormality characterized by the patient's difficulty in initiating the act of lid elevation and differs from paralytic ptosis by being present only momentarily at the start of lidOpening.
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