Journal ArticleDOI
Chronic Parkinsonism in humans due to a product of meperidine-analog synthesis
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TLDR
It is proposed that this chemical selectively damages cells in the substantia nigra in patients who developed marked parkinsonism after using an illicit drug intravenously.Abstract:
Four persons developed marked parkinsonism after using an illicit drug intravenously. Analysis of the substance injected by two of these patients revealed primarily 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) with trace amounts of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-4-propionoxy-piperidine (MPPP). On the basis of the striking parkinsonian features observed in our patients, and additional pathological data from one previously reported case, it is proposed that this chemical selectively damages cells in the substantia nigra.read more
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Oxidative stress and cerebral endothelial cells: regulation of the blood-brain-barrier and antioxidant based interventions.
TL;DR: This review focuses on the potential for oxidative stress within the cerebrovascular architecture serving as a modulator of neurodegeneration in a variety of pathological settings, and highlights important implications for vascular-derived oxidative stress in the initiating and promoting pathophysiology in the brain.
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Melatonin and Parkinson's disease.
TL;DR: The present review provides an up-to-date account of the findings and mechanisms involved in neuroprotection of melatonin in PD.
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease-Cause or Consequence?
TL;DR: Whether the mitochondrial dysfunction the authors have detected in Parkinson’s disease is a pathogenic cause of neuronal loss or whether it is itself a consequence of dysfunction in other pathways is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
V. Potential bioactivation pathways for the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)
TL;DR: It is speculated that the neurotoxicity of MPTP is mediated by its intraneuronal oxidation to MPDP+, a reaction which appears to be catalyzed by MAO.
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Parkinson's disease and cancer: two wars, one front
TL;DR: How insights from one disease can inform us about, and possibly help us to treat, the other is discussed and areas of convergence are considered.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chronic Parkinsonism secondary to intravenous injection of meperidine analogues.
Glenn C. Davis,Adrian C. Williams,Sanford P. Markey,Michael H. Ebert,Eric D. Caine,Cheryl M. Reichert,Irwin J. Kopin +6 more
TL;DR: Biogenic amines and metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid and microscopic evaluation of the brain at necropsy were consistent with damage to aminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.
Journal ArticleDOI
Apraxia of lid opening
Jack E. Goldstein,David G. Cogan +1 more
TL;DR: Apraxia of lid opening is a nonparalytic motor abnormality characterized by the patient's difficulty in initiating the act of lid elevation and differs from paralytic ptosis by being present only momentarily at the start of lidOpening.
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