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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Clinical management of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia in head-and-neck cancer patients: successes and barriers

TLDR
This review addresses the pathophysiology underlying irradiation damage to salivary gland tissue, the consequences of radiation injury, and issues contributing to the clinical management of salivARY gland hypofunction and xerostomia.
Abstract
The most significant long-term complication of radiotherapy in the head-and-neck region is hyposalivation and its related complaints, particularily xerostomia. This review addresses the pathophysiology underlying irradiation damage to salivary gland tissue, the consequences of radiation injury, and issues contributing to the clinical management of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia. These include ways to (1) prevent or minimize radiation injury of salivary gland tissue, (2) manage radiation-induced hyposalivation and xerostomia, and (3) restore the function of salivary gland tissue damaged by radiotherapy.

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Progressive resistance training in cachectic head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a randomized controlled pilot feasibility trial

TL;DR: Progressive resistance training in cachectic head and neck cancer patients during radiotherapy seems to be safe and feasible and may have beneficial effects of general fatigue and quality of life.
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Adult stem cells and tissue engineering strategies for salivary gland regeneration: a review

TL;DR: Current bioengineering approaches for salivary gland tissue engineering and the adult stem cell sources used for this purpose are highlighted and future considerations in regard to Salivary glands tissue engineering strategies are discussed.
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Cellular senescence contributes to radiation-induced hyposalivation by affecting the stem/progenitor cell niche

TL;DR: It is shown that radiation induces cellular senescence preferentially in the salivary gland stem/progenitor cell niche of mouse models and patients, and pharmacological targeting of senescent cells may represent a therapeutic strategy to prevent radiotherapy-induced xerostomia.
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Ultrasound-assisted nonviral gene transfer of AQP1 to the irradiated minipig parotid gland restores fluid secretion

TL;DR: UAGT can replace the Adenoviral vector as a means of delivering AQP1 gene therapy in the irradiated swine model, and it is a candidate for advancement to a Phase I human clinical trial.
Journal ArticleDOI

Evidence supporting pre-radiation elimination of oral foci of infection in head and neck cancer patients to prevent oral sequelae. A systematic review.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted a systematic review on the efficacy of pre-radiation elimination of oral foci of infection in preventing oral sequelae in head-neck cancer patients.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Dose, volume, and function relationships in parotid salivary glands following conformal and intensity-modulated irradiation of head and neck cancer

TL;DR: Dose/volume/function relationships in the parotid glands are characterized by dose and volume thresholds, steep dose/response relationships when the thresholds are reached, and a maximal volume dependence parameter in the NTCP model.
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Isolation of the cDNA for erythrocyte integral membrane protein of 28 kilodaltons: member of an ancient channel family.

TL;DR: Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence suggests that CHIP28 protein contains six bilayer-spanning domains, two exofacial potential N-glycosylation sites, and intracellular N and C termini.
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Oral Sequelae of Head and Neck Radiotherapy

TL;DR: In this review, the radiation-induced changes in healthy oral tissues and the resulting clinical consequences are discussed.
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Phase III Randomized Trial of Amifostine as a Radioprotector in Head and Neck Cancer

TL;DR: With and without amifostine, 2-year local-regional control, disease-free survival, and overall survival were 58% versus 63, 53% versus 57%, and 71% versus 66%, respectively, while Antitumor treatment efficacy was preserved.
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Xerostomia and its predictors following parotid-sparing irradiation of head-and-neck cancer

TL;DR: An improvement over time in xerostomia, occurring in tandem with rising salivary production from the spared major Salivary glands, suggests a long-term clinical benefit from their sparing.
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