Differences in fecal microbiota in different European study populations in relation to age, gender, and country: a cross-sectional study.
Susanne Mueller,Katiana Saunier,Christiana Hanisch,Elisabeth Norin,Livia Alm,Tore Midtvedt,Alberto Cresci,Stefania Silvi,Carla Orpianesi,Maria Cristina Verdenelli,Thomas Clavel,Corinna Koebnick,Hans-Joachim F. Zunft,Joël Doré,Michael Blaut +14 more
TLDR
Age-related differences in the microbiota makeup were detected but differed between the study populations from the four countries, each showing a characteristic colonization pattern.Abstract:
A cross-sectional study on intestinal microbiota composition was performed on 230 healthy subjects at four European locations in France, Germany, Italy, and Sweden. The study participants were assigned to two age groups: 20 to 50 years (mean age, 35 years; n = 85) and >60 years (mean age, 75 years; n = 145). A set of 14 group- and species-specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes was applied to the analysis of fecal samples by fluorescence in situ hybridization coupled with flow cytometry. Marked country-age interactions were observed for the German and Italian study groups. These interactions were inverse for the predominant bacterial groups Eubacterium rectale-Clostridium coccoides and Bacteroides-Prevotella. Differences between European populations were observed for the Bifidobacterium group only. Proportions of bifidobacteria were two- to threefold higher in the Italian study population than in any other study group, and this effect was independent of age. Higher proportions of enterobacteria were found in all elderly volunteers independent of the location. Gender effects were observed for the Bacteroides-Prevotella group, with higher levels in males than in females. In summary, age-related differences in the microbiota makeup were detected but differed between the study populations from the four countries, each showing a characteristic colonization pattern.read more
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Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography
Tanya Yatsunenko,Federico E. Rey,Mark J. Manary,Mark J. Manary,Indi Trehan,Indi Trehan,Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello,Monica Contreras,Magda Magris,Glida Hidalgo,Robert N. Baldassano,Andrey P. Anokhin,Andrew C. Heath,Barbara B. Warner,Jens Reeder,Justin Kuczynski,J. Gregory Caporaso,Catherine A. Lozupone,Christian L. Lauber,Jose C. Clemente,Dan Knights,Rob Knight,Jeffrey I. Gordon +22 more
TL;DR: The need to consider the microbiome when evaluating human development, nutritional needs, physiological variations and the impact of westernization is underscored, as distinctive features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome are evident in early infancy as well as adulthood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control
Fredrik Karlsson,Valentina Tremaroli,Intawat Nookaew,Göran Bergström,Carl Johan Behre,Björn Fagerberg,Jens Nielsen,Fredrik Bäckhed,Fredrik Bäckhed +8 more
TL;DR: This work uses shotgun sequencing to characterize the faecal metagenome of 145 European women with normal, impaired or diabetic glucose control, and develops a mathematical model based on metagenomic profiles that identified T2D with high accuracy.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
John F. Cryan,Kenneth J. O’Riordan,Caitlin S. M. Cowan,Kiran V. Sandhu,Thomaz F.S. Bastiaanssen,Marcus Boehme,Martín Gabriel Codagnone,Sofia Cussotto,Christine Fülling,Anna V. Golubeva,Katherine E. Guzzetta,Minal Jaggar,Caitriona M. Long-Smith,Joshua M. Lyte,Jason A. Martin,Alicia Molinero-Perez,Gerard M. Moloney,Emanuela Morelli,Enrique Morillas,Rory C. O'Connor,Joana S Cruz-Pereira,Veronica L. Peterson,Kieran Rea,Nathaniel L. Ritz,Eoin Sherwin,Simon Spichak,Emily M. Teichman,Marcel van de Wouw,Ana Paula Ventura-Silva,Shauna E. Wallace-Fitzsimons,Niall P. Hyland,Gerard Clarke,Timothy G. Dinan +32 more
TL;DR: Future studies will focus on understanding the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain axis and attempt to elucidate microbial-based intervention and therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Composition, variability, and temporal stability of the intestinal microbiota of the elderly
Marcus J. Claesson,Siobhán Cusack,Orla O'Sullivan,Rachel Greene-Diniz,Heleen de Weerd,E. Flannery,Julian R. Marchesi,Julian R. Marchesi,Daniel Falush,Timothy G. Dinan,Gerald F. Fitzgerald,Catherine Stanton,Catherine Stanton,Douwe van Sinderen,Michael O'Connor,Norma Harnedy,Kieran O'Connor,Colm Henry,Denis O'Mahony,Denis O'Mahony,Anthony P. Fitzgerald,Fergus Shanahan,C. Twomey,C. Twomey,Colin Hill,R. Paul Ross,R. Paul Ross,Paul W. O'Toole +27 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that the fecal microbiota of the elderly shows temporal stability over limited time in the majority of subjects but is characterized by unusual phylum proportions and extreme variability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of microorganisms in the evolution of animals and plants: the hologenome theory of evolution.
TL;DR: The hologenome theory of evolution considers the holobiont (the animal or plant with all of its associated microorganisms) as a unit of selection in evolution and fits within the framework of the 'superorganism' proposed by Wilson and Sober.
References
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