Discovery of TeV gamma-ray emission from the Pulsar Wind Nebula 3C 58 by MAGIC
Stefano Ansoldi,L. A. Antonelli,P. Antoranz,Ana Babić,P. Bangale,Juan Abel Barrio,J. Becerra González,J. Becerra González,Wlodek Bednarek,Elisa Bernardini,B. Biasuzzi,Adrian Biland,Oscar Blanch,S. Bonnefoy,Giacomo Bonnoli,F. Borracci,Thomas Bretz,Thomas Bretz,E. Carmona,Alessandro Carosi,Pierre Colin,E. Colombo,Jose Luis Contreras,Juan Cortina,Stefano Covino,P. Da Vela,Francesco Dazzi,A. De Angelis,G. De Caneva,B. De Lotto,E. de Oña Wilhelmi,C. Delgado Mendez,Daniela Dorner,Michele Doro,Sabrina Einecke,D. Eisenacher,Dominik Elsaesser,M. V. Fonseca,K. Frantzen,D. Galindo,R. J. García López,M. Garczarczyk,D. Garrido,M. Gaug,A. González Muñoz,S. R. Gozzini,Daniela Hadasch,Y. Hanabata,M. Hayashida,J. Herrera,D. Hildebrand,J. Hose,Dario Hrupec,W. Idec,V. Kadenius,Hanna Kellermann,K. Kodani,Yusuke Konno,J. Krause,Hidetoshi Kubo,J. Kushida,A. La Barbera,Damir Lelas,Natalia Lewandowska,Elina Lindfors,Saverio Lombardi,M. A. Lopez,Ruben Lopez-Coto,Alicia López-Oramas,E. Lorenz,I. Lozano,Martin Makariev,K. Mallot,G. Maneva,Karl Mannheim,L. Maraschi,Benito Marcote,Mosè Mariotti,M. I. Martínez,Daniel Mazin,Jose Miguel Miranda,R. Mirzoyan,Abelardo Moralejo,P. Munar-Adrover,D. Nakajima,A. Niedzwiecki,Kari Nilsson,K. Nishijima,Koji Noda,Reiko Orito,S. Paiano,M. Palatiello,David Paneque,Riccardo Paoletti,J. M. Paredes,X. Paredes-Fortuny,Massimo Persic,Massimo Persic,P. G. Prada Moroni,E. Prandini,Ivica Puljak,R. Reinthal,Wolfgang Rhode,Marc Ribó,J. Rico,J. Rodriguez,J. Rodriguez,Takashi Saito,K. Saito,V. Scalzotto,V. Scapin,C. Schultz,T. Schweizer,S. N. Shore,A. Sillanpää,Julian Sitarek,I. Snidaric,Dorota Sobczyńska,Felix Spanier,Victor Stamatescu,Victor Stamatescu,Antonio Stamerra,T. Steinbring,J. Storz,L. O. Takalo,Hajime Takami,Fabrizio Tavecchio,P. Temnikov,T. Terzi,D. Tescaro,Masahiro Teshima,Julia Thaele,O. Tibolla,Diego F. Torres,T. Toyama,A. Treves,Patrick Vogler,R. Zanin,J.P. Martin +138 more
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In this article, the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) 3C 58 has been detected at a very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) source with an integral flux of 0.65% C.U.Abstract:
Context. The pulsar wind nebula (PWN) 3C 58 is one of the historical very high-energy (VHE; E >100 GeV) -ray source candidates. It is energized by one of the highest spin-down power pulsars known (5% of Crab pulsar) and it has been compared with the Crab nebula because of their morphological similarities. This object was previously observed by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (Whipple, VERITAS and MAGIC), although it was not detected, with an upper limit of 2.3 % Crab unit (C.U.) at VHE. It was detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) with a spectrum extending beyond 100 GeV. Aims. We aim to extend the spectrum of 3C 58 beyond the energies reported by the Fermi Collaboration and probe acceleration of particles in the PWN up to energies of a few tens of TeV. Methods. We analyzed 81 hours of 3C 58 data taken in the period between August 2013 and January 2014 with the MAGIC telescopes. Results. We detected VHE -ray emission from 3C 58 with a significance of 5:7 and an integral flux of 0.65% C.U. above 1 TeV. According to our results, 3C 58 is the least luminous VHE -ray PWN ever detected at VHE and has the lowest flux at VHE to date. The di erential energy spectrum between 400 GeV and 10 TeV is well described by a power-law function d /dE= f0(E/1 TeV) with f0 = (2:0 0:4stat 0:6sys) 10 13 cm 2 s 1 TeV 1 and = 2:4 0:2stat 0:2sys. The skymap is compatible with an unresolved source. Conclusions. We report the first significant detection of PWN 3C 58 at TeV energies. We compare our results with the expectations of time-dependent models in which electrons upscatter photon fields. The best representation favors a distance to the PWN of 2 kpc and far-infrared (FIR) values similar to cosmic microwave background photon fields. If we consider an unexpectedly high FIR density, the data can also be reproduced by models assuming a 3.2 kpc distance. A low magnetic field, far from equipartition, is required to explain the VHE data. Hadronic contribution from the hosting supernova remnant (SNR) requires an unrealistic energy budget given the density of the medium, disfavoring cosmic-ray acceleration in the SNR as origin of the VHE -ray emission.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The population of TeV pulsar wind nebulae in the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the nature and evolution of pulsar wind nebulae and present several upper limits for regions around pulsars without a detected TeV wind nebula.
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Diffusion in pulsar wind nebulae: an investigation using magnetohydrodynamic and particle transport models
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the transport of high-energy particles in pulsar wind nebulae (PWN) using three-dimensional MHD and test-particle simulations, as well as a Fokker-Planck particle transport model.
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Systematic Survey for Broadened CO Emission Toward Galactic Supernova Remnants
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TL;DR: In this article, a catalog of gamma-ray pulsar detections using three years of data acquired by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi satellite is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
The fermi large area telescope on orbit: Event classification, instrument response functions, and calibration
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TL;DR: The Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT, hereafter LAT), the primary instrument on the FermI Gamma-ray Space Telescope (fermi) mission, is an imaging, wide field-of-view, high-energy \gamma-ray telescope, covering the energy range from 20 MeV to more than 300 GeV as discussed by the authors.
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The distance to the Perseus spiral arm in the Milky Way.
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