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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Epigenetics in development.

Julie C. Kiefer
- 01 Apr 2007 - 
- Vol. 236, Iss: 4, pp 1144-1156
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TLDR
This primer covers these aspects of epigenetics in brief, and features an interview with two epigenetic scientists.
Abstract
It has become increasingly evident in recent years that development is under epigenetic control. Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene function that occur independently of alterations to primary DNA sequence. The best-studied epigenetic modifications are DNA methylation, and changes in chromatin structure by histone modifications, and histone exchange. An exciting, new chapter in the field is the finding that long-distance chromosomal interactions also modify gene expression. Epigenetic modifications are key regulators of important developmental events, including X-inactivation, genomic imprinting, patterning by Hox genes and neuronal development. This primer covers these aspects of epigenetics in brief, and features an interview with two epigenetic scientists.

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Citations
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The let-7 family of microRNAs.

TL;DR: The let-7-family conservation and the recent advances in understanding how let- 7-expression is regulated at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels across species are reviewed.
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Aberrant Epigenetic Landscape in Cancer: How Cellular Identity Goes Awry

TL;DR: An overview of how epigenetic factors, including genomic DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA regulation, contribute to normal development, paying special attention to their role in regulating tissue-specific genes, is provided.
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DNA methylation and methyl-CpG binding proteins: developmental requirements and function

TL;DR: The advances in the understanding of the function of DNA methylation, DNA methyltransferases, and methyl-CpG binding proteins in vertebrate embryonic development are reviewed.
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The ontogeny of drug metabolism enzymes and implications for adverse drug events

TL;DR: An overview of DME developmental expression patterns is provided and some implications of the data with regards to drug therapy are discussed and common themes emerging from the current knowledge also will be discussed.
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Epigenetics and transgenerational transfer: A physiological perspective

TL;DR: How the concepts of epigenetics and maternal effects both overlap with, and are distinct from, each other are discussed and a construct by which to integrate these concepts into the design of future investigations in animal physiology is offered.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The language of covalent histone modifications.

TL;DR: It is proposed that distinct histone modifications, on one or more tails, act sequentially or in combination to form a ‘histone code’ that is, read by other proteins to bring about distinct downstream events.
Journal ArticleDOI

A Bivalent Chromatin Structure Marks Key Developmental Genes in Embryonic Stem Cells

TL;DR: It is proposed that bivalent domains silence developmental genes in ES cells while keeping them poised for activation, highlighting the importance of DNA sequence in defining the initial epigenetic landscape and suggesting a novel chromatin-based mechanism for maintaining pluripotency.
PatentDOI

Histone demethylation mediated by the nuclear amine oxidase homolog lsd1

Yang Shi, +1 more
- 16 Dec 2005 - 
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify a histone demethylase conserved from S. pombe to human and reveal dynamic regulation of histone methylation by both histonemethylases and demethylases.
Journal ArticleDOI

Transcriptional Regulatory Networks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

TL;DR: This work determines how most of the transcriptional regulators encoded in the eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae associate with genes across the genome in living cells, and identifies network motifs, the simplest units of network architecture, and demonstrates that an automated process can use motifs to assemble a transcriptional regulatory network structure.
Journal ArticleDOI

Regulation of chromatin structure by site-specific histone H3 methyltransferases

TL;DR: A functional interdependence of site-specific H3 tail modifications is revealed and a dynamic mechanism for the regulation of higher-order chromatin is suggested.
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