Journal ArticleDOI
Executive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: a review.
TLDR
This review discusses how executive deficits relate to pathology in specific territories of the basal ganglia, consider the impact of dopaminergic treatment on executive function (EF) in this context, and review the changes in EFs with disease progression.Abstract:
Executive dysfunction can be present from the early stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is characterized by deficits in internal control of attention, set shifting, planning, inhibitory control, dual task performance, and on a range of decision-making and social cognition tasks. Treatment with dopaminergic medication has variable effects on executive deficits, improving some, leaving some unchanged, and worsening others. In this review, we start by defining the specific nature of executive dysfunction in PD and describe suitable neuropsychological tests. We then discuss how executive deficits relate to pathology in specific territories of the basal ganglia, consider the impact of dopaminergic treatment on executive function (EF) in this context, and review the changes in EFs with disease progression. In later sections, we summarize correlates of executive dysfunction in PD with motor performance (e.g., postural instability, freezing of gait) and a variety of psychiatric (e.g., depression, apathy) and other clinical symptoms, and finally discuss the implications of these for the patients' daily life.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A fronto–striato–subthalamic–pallidal network for goal-directed and habitual inhibition
TL;DR: It is suggested that imbalance between goal-directed and habitual action and inhibition contributes to some manifestations of Parkinson's disease, Tourette syndrome and obsessive–compulsive disorder and is proposed that basal ganglia surgery improves these disorders by restoring a functional balance between facilitation and inhibition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parkinson's disease dementia: a neural networks perspective
TL;DR: It is argued that Parkinson’s disease dementia reflects dysfunction in seven distinct brain networks, with implications for therapeutic approaches.
Journal ArticleDOI
Techniques and Methods for Testing the Postural Function in Healthy and Pathological Subjects.
Thierry Paillard,Frédéric Noé +1 more
TL;DR: The aim of this review was to present and justify the different testing techniques and methods with their different quantitative and qualitative variables to make it possible to precisely evaluate each sensory, central, and motor component of the postural function according to the experiment protocol under consideration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuromechanical Principles Underlying Movement Modularity and Their Implications for Rehabilitation
Lena H. Ting,Lena H. Ting,Hillel J. Chiel,Randy D. Trumbower,Randy D. Trumbower,Jessica L. Allen,J. Lucas McKay,Madeleine E. Hackney,Trisha M. Kesar,Trisha M. Kesar +9 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that motor module organization is disrupted and may be improved by therapy in spinal cord injury, stroke, and Parkinson's disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Network connectivity determines cortical thinning in early Parkinson’s disease progression
Yvonne H. C. Yau,Yashar Zeighami,Travis E. Baker,Travis E. Baker,Kevin Larcher,Uku Vainik,Uku Vainik,Mahsa Dadar,Vladimir S. Fonov,Patric Hagmann,Alessandra Griffa,Bratislav Misic,D.L. Collins,Alain Dagher +13 more
TL;DR: It is found that cortical thinning followed neural connectivity from a “disease reservoir” in Parkinson’s disease patients, suggesting that disease propagation to the cortex in PD follows neuronal connectivity and that disease spread to the cerebral cortex may herald the onset of cognitive impairment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The association between motor subtypes and alexithymia in de novo Parkinson’s disease
Michele Poletti,Daniela Frosini,Cristina Pagni,Claudio Lucetti,Paolo Del Dotto,Gloria Tognoni,Roberto Ceravolo,Ubaldo Bonuccelli +7 more
TL;DR: The usefulness of an early neuropsychiatric assessment of affect regulation difficulties in PD patients, especially in those with a prevalence of akinetic/rigid symptoms, is suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Olfactory deficits and cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
TL;DR: There was a significant correlation between olfactory sensory deficits and executive dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease subjects and in patients with up to 12 months of motor symptoms, results were equivalent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Depression impairs executive functioning in Parkinson disease patients with low educational level.
Arthur Kummer,Estefânia Harsányi,Fernando Machado Vilhena Dias,Francisco Cardoso,Paulo Caramelli,Antônio Lúcio Teixeira +5 more
TL;DR: Patients with PD present with cognitive impairment even when nondemented, and depression may exacerbate executive dysfunction, especially in subjects with lower educational level.
Journal ArticleDOI
Medication Management and Neuropsychological Performance in Parkinson's Disease
Kevin J. Manning,Christina A Clarke,Alan Lorry,Daniel Weintraub,Jayne R. Wilkinson,John E. Duda,Paul J. Moberg +6 more
TL;DR: Assessment of medication management skills of PD patients and the neurocognitive underpinnings and clinical correlates of this skill found memory, executive functioning, and processing speed were strongly related to different components of the HMS.