Journal ArticleDOI
Executive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: a review.
TLDR
This review discusses how executive deficits relate to pathology in specific territories of the basal ganglia, consider the impact of dopaminergic treatment on executive function (EF) in this context, and review the changes in EFs with disease progression.Abstract:
Executive dysfunction can be present from the early stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is characterized by deficits in internal control of attention, set shifting, planning, inhibitory control, dual task performance, and on a range of decision-making and social cognition tasks. Treatment with dopaminergic medication has variable effects on executive deficits, improving some, leaving some unchanged, and worsening others. In this review, we start by defining the specific nature of executive dysfunction in PD and describe suitable neuropsychological tests. We then discuss how executive deficits relate to pathology in specific territories of the basal ganglia, consider the impact of dopaminergic treatment on executive function (EF) in this context, and review the changes in EFs with disease progression. In later sections, we summarize correlates of executive dysfunction in PD with motor performance (e.g., postural instability, freezing of gait) and a variety of psychiatric (e.g., depression, apathy) and other clinical symptoms, and finally discuss the implications of these for the patients' daily life.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A fronto–striato–subthalamic–pallidal network for goal-directed and habitual inhibition
TL;DR: It is suggested that imbalance between goal-directed and habitual action and inhibition contributes to some manifestations of Parkinson's disease, Tourette syndrome and obsessive–compulsive disorder and is proposed that basal ganglia surgery improves these disorders by restoring a functional balance between facilitation and inhibition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parkinson's disease dementia: a neural networks perspective
TL;DR: It is argued that Parkinson’s disease dementia reflects dysfunction in seven distinct brain networks, with implications for therapeutic approaches.
Journal ArticleDOI
Techniques and Methods for Testing the Postural Function in Healthy and Pathological Subjects.
Thierry Paillard,Frédéric Noé +1 more
TL;DR: The aim of this review was to present and justify the different testing techniques and methods with their different quantitative and qualitative variables to make it possible to precisely evaluate each sensory, central, and motor component of the postural function according to the experiment protocol under consideration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuromechanical Principles Underlying Movement Modularity and Their Implications for Rehabilitation
Lena H. Ting,Lena H. Ting,Hillel J. Chiel,Randy D. Trumbower,Randy D. Trumbower,Jessica L. Allen,J. Lucas McKay,Madeleine E. Hackney,Trisha M. Kesar,Trisha M. Kesar +9 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that motor module organization is disrupted and may be improved by therapy in spinal cord injury, stroke, and Parkinson's disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Network connectivity determines cortical thinning in early Parkinson’s disease progression
Yvonne H. C. Yau,Yashar Zeighami,Travis E. Baker,Travis E. Baker,Kevin Larcher,Uku Vainik,Uku Vainik,Mahsa Dadar,Vladimir S. Fonov,Patric Hagmann,Alessandra Griffa,Bratislav Misic,D.L. Collins,Alain Dagher +13 more
TL;DR: It is found that cortical thinning followed neural connectivity from a “disease reservoir” in Parkinson’s disease patients, suggesting that disease propagation to the cortex in PD follows neuronal connectivity and that disease spread to the cerebral cortex may herald the onset of cognitive impairment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Levodopa and executive performance in Parkinson's disease: a randomized study.
Berta Pascual-Sedano,Jaime Kulisevsky,Manel J. Barbanoj,Carmen García-Sánchez,Antonia Campolongo,Alexandre Gironell,Javier Pagonabarraga,Ignasi Gich +7 more
TL;DR: Executive-related performance after LD challenge may differ depending on the LD time-to-peak plasma concentration and specific task demands, and a slower rise in LD levels appears to have a more favorable impact on more difficult working memory tests.
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Pergolide effect on cognitive functions in early-mild Parkinson's disease.
Livia Brusa,Pietro Tiraboschi,Giacomo Koch,Antonella Peppe,Mariangela Pierantozzi,Stefano Ruggieri,Paolo Stanzione +6 more
TL;DR: Pergolide and l-dopa, both of which stimulate D1- and D2-receptor subtypes, do not appear to impair cognitive function and suggest that dopamine agonists may influence cognition in PD according to their pharmacological characteristics.
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Odor identification deficits identify Parkinson's disease patients with poor cognitive performance†‡
TL;DR: Findings demonstrate co‐occurrence between reduced cognitive function and olfactory deficits in functionally anosmic patients with Parkinson's disease and support the notion of more severe cognitive deficits in this group.
Journal ArticleDOI
Different mechanisms underly shifting set on external and internal cues in Parkinson's disease
TL;DR: The treated PD patient group exhibited increased post-shift error rates under the internal cue condition and only the untreated patients produced more errors when shifting to a new response criterion in the external cue condition.
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Patients with Parkinson's disease can successfully remember to execute delayed intentions
TL;DR: Results indicate that PD patients can perform event-based prospective memory tasks to a normal degree if the prospective task component is prioritized and suggest that a reduced working memory capacity plays an important role in this process.