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Germanene: a novel two-dimensional germanium allotrope akin to graphene and silicene

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TLDR
In this article, an atom-thin, ordered, two-dimensional multi-phase film was grown in situ through germanium molecular beam epitaxy using a gold surface as a substrate.
Abstract
We have grown an atom-thin, ordered, two-dimensional multi-phase film in situ through germanium molecular beam epitaxy using a gold (111) surface as a substrate. Its growth is similar to the formation of silicene layers on silver (111) templates. One of the phases, forming large domains, as observed in scanning tunneling microscopy, shows a clear, nearly flat, honeycomb structure. Thanks to thorough synchrotron radiation core-level spectroscopy measurements and advanced density functional theory calculations we can identify it as a ?3????3 R(30?) germanene layer in conjunction with a ?7????7 R(19.1?) Au(111) supercell, presenting compelling evidence of the synthesis of the germanium-based cousin of graphene on gold.

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Book ChapterDOI

Inorganic analogues of graphene: Synthesis, characterization, and applications

TL;DR: The structure, synthesis, characterization, and applications of inorganic analogues of graphene (two-dimensional (2-D) materials) are discussed here Exfoliation of hexagonal boron nitride (h -BN) in organic solvents and aqueous solutions is reviewed Characterization of nanolayers of h -BN by specific spectroscopic and microscopic techniques is discussed from an experimental point of view Applications of “white graphene” (h-BN), in electronics and beyond are also reviewed as discussed by the authors.
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Localized surface electromagnetic waves in CrI3-based magnetophotonic structures

TL;DR: This paper provides an estimate for the critical angle corresponding to the surface plasmon polariton generation in the Kretschmann-Raether configuration by a detailed investigation of reflectance spectrum as well as the magnetic field distribution for different CrI3 layer thicknesses.
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Formation of extended thermal etch pits on annealed Ge wafers

TL;DR: In this paper, an extended formation of faceted pit-like defects on Ge(0,0,1) and Ge(1,1, 1) wafers was obtained by thermal cycles to T < 750°C.
Journal ArticleDOI

The electronic structures and optical properties of light-element atom adsorbed SnSe monolayers

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of adsorption of different light-element atoms on the electronic structures and optical properties of single-layered SnSe sheets are investigated using density-functional theory.
Journal ArticleDOI

Strain-tunable molecular doping in germanane: a first-principles study.

TL;DR: Strain-tunable n/p-type doping in germanane by adsorption of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)/tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) molecules through first-principles calculations shows that both TTF and TCNQ molecules can non-covalently functionalize the electronic properties of germanne.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Two- and one-dimensional honeycomb structures of silicon and germanium.

TL;DR: In this paper, first-principles calculations of structure optimization, phonon modes, and finite temperature molecular dynamics predict that silicon and germanium can have stable, two-dimensional, low-buckled, honeycomb structures.
Journal Article

Two- and one-dimensional honeycomb structures of silicon and germanium

TL;DR: First-principles calculations of structure optimization, phonon modes, and finite temperature molecular dynamics predict that silicon and germanium can have stable, two-dimensional, low-buckled, honeycomb structures, which show remarkable electronic and magnetic properties, which are size and orientation dependent.
Journal ArticleDOI

Quantum spin Hall effect in silicene and two-dimensional germanium.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that silicene with topologically nontrivial electronic structures can realize the quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE) by exploiting adiabatic continuity and the direct calculation of the Z(2) topological invariant.
Journal ArticleDOI

Experimental Evidence for Epitaxial Silicene on Diboride Thin Films

TL;DR: It is shown that two-dimensional, epitaxial silicene forms through surface segregation on zirconium diboride thin films grown on Si wafers and that the buckling and thus the electronic properties of silicenes are modified by epitaxials strain.
Journal ArticleDOI

Low-energy effective Hamiltonian involving spin-orbit coupling in silicene and two-dimensional germanium and tin

TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the low energy effective Hamiltonian involving spin-orbit coupling (SOC) for silicene, which is the analog to the graphene quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE) Hamiltonian.
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