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Germanene: a novel two-dimensional germanium allotrope akin to graphene and silicene

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TLDR
In this article, an atom-thin, ordered, two-dimensional multi-phase film was grown in situ through germanium molecular beam epitaxy using a gold surface as a substrate.
Abstract
We have grown an atom-thin, ordered, two-dimensional multi-phase film in situ through germanium molecular beam epitaxy using a gold (111) surface as a substrate. Its growth is similar to the formation of silicene layers on silver (111) templates. One of the phases, forming large domains, as observed in scanning tunneling microscopy, shows a clear, nearly flat, honeycomb structure. Thanks to thorough synchrotron radiation core-level spectroscopy measurements and advanced density functional theory calculations we can identify it as a ?3????3 R(30?) germanene layer in conjunction with a ?7????7 R(19.1?) Au(111) supercell, presenting compelling evidence of the synthesis of the germanium-based cousin of graphene on gold.

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1D chain formation by coadsorption of Pb and Bi on Cu(001): Determination using low energy electron diffraction

TL;DR: In this article, a 1D substitutional chain arrangement of Pb and Bi atoms between the Cu rows along the [110] direction was found to be the best fit structure of the c (4×× 4) phase, where Bi atoms are located at fourfold-hollow sites and Pb atoms are laterally displaced by 078-A from the fourfoldhollow site toward the vacancy.
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Structural and electronic properties of single- and double-walled BeN4 nanotubes: First-principles calculations

TL;DR: In this paper , the structural and electronic properties of single and double-walled BeN 4 nanotubes were studied using first-principles calculations, and two sets of single-and double-WN 4 tubes were formed by rolling up the WN 4 sheets along two different sides into a cylinder.
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Nanoscale profiling of multilayer graphene films on silicon carbide by a focused ion beam

TL;DR: In this article, an etch of multilayer graphene (MLG) film on silicon carbide using focused ion beam (Ga+) was reported. And the results of local nanoscale etching of MLG on SiC by using FIB are presented.
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Temperature-dependent synchrotron X-ray diffraction, pair distribution function and susceptibility study on the layered compound CrTe3

TL;DR: In this article, combined synchrotron X-ray diffraction and pair distribution function experiments performed on the layered compound CrTe3 provide evidence for a short range structural distortion of one of the two crystallographically independent CrTe6 octahedra.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Two- and one-dimensional honeycomb structures of silicon and germanium.

TL;DR: In this paper, first-principles calculations of structure optimization, phonon modes, and finite temperature molecular dynamics predict that silicon and germanium can have stable, two-dimensional, low-buckled, honeycomb structures.
Journal Article

Two- and one-dimensional honeycomb structures of silicon and germanium

TL;DR: First-principles calculations of structure optimization, phonon modes, and finite temperature molecular dynamics predict that silicon and germanium can have stable, two-dimensional, low-buckled, honeycomb structures, which show remarkable electronic and magnetic properties, which are size and orientation dependent.
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Quantum spin Hall effect in silicene and two-dimensional germanium.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that silicene with topologically nontrivial electronic structures can realize the quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE) by exploiting adiabatic continuity and the direct calculation of the Z(2) topological invariant.
Journal ArticleDOI

Experimental Evidence for Epitaxial Silicene on Diboride Thin Films

TL;DR: It is shown that two-dimensional, epitaxial silicene forms through surface segregation on zirconium diboride thin films grown on Si wafers and that the buckling and thus the electronic properties of silicenes are modified by epitaxials strain.
Journal ArticleDOI

Low-energy effective Hamiltonian involving spin-orbit coupling in silicene and two-dimensional germanium and tin

TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the low energy effective Hamiltonian involving spin-orbit coupling (SOC) for silicene, which is the analog to the graphene quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE) Hamiltonian.
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