scispace - formally typeset
Journal ArticleDOI

HMG-1 as a Late Mediator of Endotoxin Lethality in Mice

Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
High mobility group-1 (HMG-1) protein was found to be released by cultured macrophages more than 8 hours after stimulation with endotoxin, TNF, or IL-1, and showed increased serum levels after endotoxin exposure, suggesting that this protein warrants investigation as a therapeutic target.
Abstract
Endotoxin, a constituent of Gram-negative bacteria, stimulates macrophages to release large quantities of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1), which can precipitate tissue injury and lethal shock (endotoxemia). Antagonists of TNF and IL-1 have shown limited efficacy in clinical trials, possibly because these cytokines are early mediators in pathogenesis. Here a potential late mediator of lethality is identified and characterized in a mouse model. High mobility group-1 (HMG-1) protein was found to be released by cultured macrophages more than 8 hours after stimulation with endotoxin, TNF, or IL-1. Mice showed increased serum levels of HMG-1 from 8 to 32 hours after endotoxin exposure. Delayed administration of antibodies to HMG-1 attenuated endotoxin lethality in mice, and administration of HMG-1 itself was lethal. Septic patients who succumbed to infection had increased serum HMG-1 levels, suggesting that this protein warrants investigation as a therapeutic target.

read more

Citations
More filters
Book ChapterDOI

Host response biomarkers in the diagnosis of sepsis: a general overview.

TL;DR: There is no magic marker, but a combination of few biomarkers might offer a high accuracy for diagnosis and eventually they can be used as prognosis markers.
Journal ArticleDOI

The role of receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) in infection

TL;DR: This work has shown that innate innate danger molecules, also named damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or alarmins, which are structurally diverse proteins rapidly released by the host itself during infection or (sterile) tissue damage, are found in higher eukaryocytes.
Journal ArticleDOI

Luteolin exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by blocking the activity of heat shock protein 90 in macrophages.

TL;DR: Luteolin may act as a potential therapeutic reagent for treating septic diseases and in vivo investigations showed that luteolin effectively protected mice from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lethality.
Journal ArticleDOI

Organ dysfunction as a new standard for defining sepsis.

TL;DR: The pathophysiology of sepsis and organ dysfunction is summarized and potential directions for future research are discussed and a drastic change in clinical definition is assumed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Molecular and in silico characterization of a promoter module and C/EBP element that mediate LPS-induced RANTES/CCL5 expression in monocytic cells

TL;DR: Two regions that help control LPS‐driven transcription from the human RANTES/CCL5 promoter in monocytic cells are described here and could be identified in human, other vertebrate, and viral sequences in various databases.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene

TL;DR: The mammalian Tlr4 protein has been adapted primarily to subserve the recognition of LPS and presumably transduces the LPS signal across the plasma membrane.
Journal ArticleDOI

Shock and tissue injury induced by recombinant human cachectin.

TL;DR: It appears that a single protein mediator (cachectin) is capable of inducing many of the deleterious effects of endotoxin.
Journal ArticleDOI

Anti-cachectin/TNF monoclonal antibodies prevent septic shock during lethal bacteraemia

TL;DR: Protection against shock, vital organ dysfunction, persistent stress hormone release and death was conferred by administration of antibodies 2 h before bacterial infusion, indicating that cachectin is a mediator of fatal bacteraemic shock and suggesting that antibodies against Cachectin offer a potential therapy of life-threatening infection.
Journal ArticleDOI

Detection of circulating tumor necrosis factor after endotoxin administration.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the response to endotoxin is associated with a brief pulse of circulating tumor necrosis factor and that the resultant responses are effected through the cyclooxygenase pathway.
Related Papers (5)