Journal ArticleDOI
Local Ca2+ detection and modulation of synaptic release by astrocytes
Maria Amalia Di Castro,Julien Chuquet,Nicolas Liaudet,Khaleel Bhaukaurally,Mirko Santello,David Bouvier,Pascale Tiret,Andrea Volterra +7 more
TLDR
Evidence is provided that astrocytes are integrated in local synaptic functioning in adult brain through GTP- and inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate–dependent signaling and is relevant for basal synaptic function.Abstract:
Astrocytes communicate with synapses by means of intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) elevations, but local calcium dynamics in astrocytic processes have never been thoroughly investigated. By taking advantage of high-resolution two-photon microscopy, we identify the characteristics of local astrocyte calcium activity in the adult mouse hippocampus. Astrocytic processes showed intense activity, triggered by physiological transmission at neighboring synapses. They encoded synchronous synaptic events generated by sparse action potentials into robust regional (∼12 μm) [Ca(2+)](i) elevations. Unexpectedly, they also sensed spontaneous synaptic events, producing highly confined (∼4 μm), fast (millisecond-scale) miniature Ca(2+) responses. This Ca(2+) activity in astrocytic processes is generated through GTP- and inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent signaling and is relevant for basal synaptic function. Thus, buffering astrocyte [Ca(2+)](i) or blocking a receptor mediating local astrocyte Ca(2+) signals decreased synaptic transmission reliability in minimal stimulation experiments. These data provide direct evidence that astrocytes are integrated in local synaptic functioning in adult brain.read more
Citations
More filters
Posted ContentDOI
Astrocyte redox dysregulation causes prefrontal hypoactivity: sulforaphane treats non-ictal pathophysiology in ALDH7A1-mediated epilepsy
Travis E. Faust,Wendy Xin,Wendy Xin,Brian K. Lee,Amit Agarwal,Amit Agarwal,Sneha Saha,Trexy Palen,Tyler Cash-Padgett,Daniel Wood,Antonello Bonci,Antonello Bonci,Jed W. Fahey,Hanna Jaaro-Peled,Dwight E. Bergles,Dwight E. Bergles,Akira Sawa +16 more
TL;DR: Sulforaphane rescues both the physiological and behavioral changes by targeting astrocytic redox imbalance in ALDH7A1 knockout mice, implicatingAstrocyte redox changes in creating cortical excitatory-inhibitory imbalance and mood alteration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatial organization of neuron–astrocyte interactions in the somatosensory cortex
Jiazhen Duan,Sebastian Bührig +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper , it was shown that CB1R-mediated activation by neuron-released endocannabinoids elevate astrocyte Ca2+ levels, stimulate ATP/adenosine release as gliotransmitters, and transiently depress synaptic transmission in layer 5 pyramidal neurons at relatively distant synapses (˃20 μm) from the stimulated neuron.
Posted ContentDOI
Chronic Gq activation of ventral hippocampal neurons and astrocytes differentially affects memory and behavior
R L Suthard,Alexandra L. Jellinger,Michelle Surets,Monika Shpokayte,Angela Y. Pyo,Michelle D. Buzharsky,R. Senne,Kaitlyn E. Dorst,Heloise Leblanc,Steve Ramirez +9 more
TL;DR: This study provides evidence for how each of these cell types are uniquely engaged in disorders that have characteristic network dysfunction while adding a more direct role for glia in modulating behavior.
Dissertation
Astrocyte control of neurotransmitter signalling
TL;DR: In this article, a relatively understudied G protein coupled receptor present in astrocytes, GPCR37L1, was found to decrease the activity of glutamate transporters and decrease neuronal NMDA receptor activity.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Tripartite synapses: astrocytes process and control synaptic information
TL;DR: There is an emerging view, which is reviewed herein, in which brain function actually arises from the coordinated activity of a network comprising both neurons and glia, rather than the classically accepted paradigm that brain function results exclusively from neuronal activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Control of synapse number by glia.
TL;DR: It is shown that few synapses form in the absence of glial cells and that the fewsynapses that do form are functionally immature, and that CNS synapse number can be profoundly regulated by nonneuronal signals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term potentiation depends on release of d -serine from astrocytes
Christian Henneberger,Thomas Papouin,Thomas Papouin,Stéphane H. R. Oliet,Stéphane H. R. Oliet,Dmitri A. Rusakov +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Ca2+-dependent release of d-serine from an astrocyte controls NMDAR-dependent plasticity in many thousands of excitatory synapses nearby.
Journal ArticleDOI
Definition of the Readily Releasable Pool of Vesicles at Hippocampal Synapses
TL;DR: It is found that hypertonic solutions do not act through changes in intracellular calcium, which means that the synaptic release probability depends on the size of the readily releasable pool.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuronal Synchrony Mediated by Astrocytic Glutamate through Activation of Extrasynaptic NMDA Receptors
TL;DR: The results reveal a distinct mechanism for neuronal excitation and synchrony and highlight a functional link between astrocytic glutamate and extrasynaptic NMDA receptors.