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Journal ArticleDOI

Making an anti-amastigote vaccine for visceral leishmaniasis: rational, update and perspectives.

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TLDR
An amastigote specific antigen (A2) is identified that contains an immunogenic epitope for CD4+ T helper (Th) cells and multiple repetitive units encoding CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes that improve the level of vaccine-induced cell-mediated immunity and protection against visceral leishmaniasis.
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This article is published in Current Opinion in Microbiology.The article was published on 2012-08-01. It has received 71 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Visceral leishmaniasis & Amastigote.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Determinants for the Development of Visceral Leishmaniasis Disease

TL;DR: This review discusses the vector, host, and pathogen factors that mediate the development of visceral leishmaniasis and examines the progression of the parasite from the initial site of sand fly bite to the visceral organs and its ability to survive there.
Journal ArticleDOI

Vaccines for visceral leishmaniasis: A review.

TL;DR: Visceral leishmaniasis is one of the most severely neglected tropical diseases recognized by the World Health Organization and few vaccines including Leishmune®, Leishtec, and CaniLeish® have been licensed for canine visceral leish maniasis.
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Current status on prevention and treatment of canine leishmaniasis.

TL;DR: This review highlights the current use of preventive and eradicative weapons to fight against this disease, which is a scourge for dogs and a continuous threat to human beings.
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The protective immune response produced in dogs after primary vaccination with the LiESP/QA-21 vaccine (CaniLeish®) remains effective against an experimental challenge one year later.

TL;DR: Vaccinated dogs retained significantly stronger cell-mediated immune responses against the parasite despite a virulent challenge and had significantly lower mean parasite burdens at the end of the study, associated with a lower probability of developing active infections.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Toll-like receptor control of the adaptive immune responses.

TL;DR: Recognition of microbial infection and initiation of host defense responses is controlled by multiple mechanisms and recent studies have provided important clues about the mechanisms of TLR-mediated control of adaptive immunity orchestrated by dendritic cell populations in distinct anatomical locations.
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Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives.

TL;DR: Research for leishmaniasis has been more and more focusing on the development of new tools such as diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines, and the newly available control tools should allow a scaling up of control activities in priority areas.
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Multifunctional TH1 cells define a correlate of vaccine-mediated protection against Leishmania major.

TL;DR: The quality of a CD4+ T-cell cytokine response can be a crucial determinant in whether a vaccine is protective, and may provide a new and useful prospective immune correlate of protection for vaccines based on T-helper type 1 (TH1) cells.
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Leishmaniasis: complexity at the host–pathogen interface

TL;DR: Recent evidence suggests that each host–pathogen combination evokes different solutions to the problems of parasite establishment, survival and persistence in Leishmania spp.
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A Review of the Geographic Distribution and Epidemiology of Leishmaniasis in the New World

TL;DR: The data summarized in this paper on parasite taxonomy and geographic distribution come from studies of greater than 1,000 New World Leishmania isolates identified by species-specific monoclonal antibodies using an indirect radioimmune binding assay and from scientific literature.
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