Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanical properties and the hierarchical structure of bone
TLDR
Further investigations of mechanical properties at the "materials level", in addition to the studies at the 'structural level' are needed to fill the gap in present knowledge and to achieve a complete understanding of the mechanical properties of bone.About:
This article is published in Medical Engineering & Physics.The article was published on 1998-03-01. It has received 2352 citations till now.read more
Citations
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Nature’s hierarchical materials
Peter Fratzl,Richard Weinkamer +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the basic principles involved in designing hierarchical biological materials, such as cellular and composite architectures, adapative growth and as well as remodeling, are discussed, and examples that are found to utilize these strategies include wood, bone, tendon, and glass sponges.
Journal ArticleDOI
Materials become insensitive to flaws at nanoscale: lessons from nature.
TL;DR: It is shown that the nanocomposites in nature exhibit a generic mechanical structure in which the nanometer size of mineral particles is selected to ensure optimum strength and maximum tolerance of flaws (robustness) and the widely used engineering concept of stress concentration at flaws is no longer valid for nanomaterial design.
Journal ArticleDOI
Topological design and additive manufacturing of porous metals for bone scaffolds and orthopaedic implants: A review.
Xiaojian Wang,Shanqing Xu,Shiwei Zhou,Wei Xu,Martin Leary,Peter F. M. Choong,Ma Qian,Milan Brandt,Yi Min Xie +8 more
TL;DR: The state-of-the-art of topological design and manufacturing processes of various types of porous metals, in particular for titanium alloys, biodegradable metals and shape memory alloys are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bone structure and formation: A new perspective
Matthew J. Olszta,Xingguo Cheng,Xingguo Cheng,Sang Soo Jee,Rajendra Kumar,Rajendra Kumar,Yi-Yeoun Kim,Michael J. Kaufman,Elliot P. Douglas,Laurie B. Gower +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a new model to explain how intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen can be achieved during bone formation, which is based on the concept of intra-fibrilar mineralisation, which refers to the fact that growth of the mineral phase is somehow directed by the collagen matrix.
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Structure and properties of nano-hydroxyapatite/polymer composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
Guobao Wei,Peter X. Ma +1 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the newly developed NHAP/polymer composite scaffolds may serve as an excellent 3D substrate for cell attachment and migration in bone tissue engineering.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the anisotropic elastic properties of hydroxyapatite
J. L. Katz,K. Ukraincik +1 more
TL;DR: Anisotropic and isotropic elastic properties are computed and compared with similar properties derived from experimental observations of the anisotropic behavior of bone.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physical characteristics affecting the tensile failure properties of compact bone.
TL;DR: The principal findings were that the ultimate strain and the work under the stress-strain curve declined sharply with mineralisation, as did the stress and strain appearing after the specimen had yielded.
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On the relationship between the microstructure of bone and its mechanical stiffness.
H.D. Wagner,Steve Weiner +1 more
TL;DR: A new micromechanical model for the Young's modulus of bone is proposed, which accounts for the anisotropy and geometrical characteristics of the material.
Journal ArticleDOI
Young's modulus, bending strength, and tissue physical properties of human compact bone
TL;DR: A weak correlation between ash content and the mechanical behavior of the compact bone specimens, particularly Young's modulus, was found, but it could not statistically justify formulation of a more complex multivariate power model incorporating both density and ash content.