Mitochondria and Reactive Oxygen Species in Aging and Age-Related Diseases.
Carlotta Giorgi,Saverio Marchi,Ines C.M. Simoes,Ziyu Ren,Giampaolo Morciano,Mariasole Perrone,Paulina Patalas-Krawczyk,Sabine Borchard,Paulina Jędrak,Karolina Pierzynowska,Jędrzej Szymański,David Q.-H. Wang,Piero Portincasa,Grzegorz Węgrzyn,Hans Zischka,Pawel Dobrzyn,Massimo Bonora,Jerzy Duszyński,Alessandro Rimessi,Agnieszka Karkucinska-Wieckowska,Agnieszka Dobrzyn,Gyorgy Szabadkai,Barbara Zavan,Paulo J. Oliveira,Vilma A. Sardão,Paolo Pinton,Mariusz R. Wieckowski +26 more
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TLDR
An update regarding the key roles of ROS-mitochondria cross talk in different fundamental physiological or pathological situations accompanying aging is provided, highlighting that mitochondrial ROS may be a decisive target in clinical practice.Abstract:
Aging has been linked to several degenerative processes that, through the accumulation of molecular and cellular damage, can progressively lead to cell dysfunction and organ failure. Human aging is linked with a higher risk for individuals to develop cancer, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders. The understanding of the molecular basis of aging and associated diseases has been one major challenge of scientific research over the last decades. Mitochondria, the center of oxidative metabolism and principal site of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, are crucial both in health and in pathogenesis of many diseases. Redox signaling is important for the modulation of cell functions and several studies indicate a dual role for ROS in cell physiology. In fact, high concentrations of ROS are pathogenic and can cause severe damage to cell and organelle membranes, DNA, and proteins. On the other hand, moderate amounts of ROS are essential for the maintenance of several biological processes, including gene expression. In this review, we provide an update regarding the key roles of ROS-mitochondria cross talk in different fundamental physiological or pathological situations accompanying aging and highlighting that mitochondrial ROS may be a decisive target in clinical practice.read more
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Reactive Oxygen Species: Drivers of Physiological and Pathological Processes
Javier Checa,Josep M Aran +1 more
TL;DR: In-depth knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of ROS actuation and their influence under steady-state and stressful conditions will pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic interventions to mitigate the harmful outcomes of ROS in the onset and progression of a variety of chronic inflammatory and age-related diseases.
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Mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction and their impact on age-related macular degeneration
Kai Kaarniranta,Hannu Uusitalo,Janusz Blasiak,Szabolcs Felszeghy,Ram Kannan,Anu Kauppinen,Antero Salminen,Debasish Sinha,Deborah A. Ferrington +8 more
TL;DR: The role of mitochondria in RPE degeneration and AMD pathology focused on mtDNA damage and repair, autophagy/mitophagy signaling, and regulation of inflammation is discussed.
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TL;DR: Age-related changes in the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells are a significant but under-recognized risk factor for the development of age-related cardiometabolic disease.
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