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Multiplexed electrical detection of cancer markers with nanowire sensor arrays.
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TLDR
Highly sensitive, label-free, multiplexed electrical detection of cancer markers using silicon-nanowire field-effect devices in which distinct nanowires and surface receptors are incorporated into arrays opens up substantial possibilities for diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other complex diseases.Abstract:
We describe highly sensitive, label-free, multiplexed electrical detection of cancer markers using silicon-nanowire field-effect devices in which distinct nanowires and surface receptors are incorporated into arrays. Protein markers were routinely detected at femtomolar concentrations with high selectivity, and simultaneous incorporation of control nanowires enabled discrimination against false positives. Nanowire arrays allowed highly selective and sensitive multiplexed detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA), PSA-a1-antichymotrypsin, carcinoembryonic antigen and mucin-1, including detection to at least 0.9 pg/ml in undiluted serum samples. In addition, nucleic acid receptors enabled real-time assays of the binding, activity and small-molecule inhibition of telomerase using unamplified extracts from as few as ten tumor cells. The capability for multiplexed real-time monitoring of protein markers and telomerase activity with high sensitivity and selectivity in clinically relevant samples opens up substantial possibilities for diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other complex diseases.read more
Citations
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Trends in DNA biosensors
TL;DR: This review covers the main DNA immobilization techniques reported so far, new micro- and nanotechnological platforms for biosensing and the transduction mechanisms in genosensors, and its implications for the future of molecular diagnosis are argued.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrical biosensors and the label free detection of protein disease biomarkers
Xiliang Luo,Jason J. Davis +1 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on recent important advances in label free assays of protein using a number of electrical methods, including those based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), amperometry/voltammetry, potentiometry, conductometry and field-effect methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Performance limits of nanobiosensors
Pradeep R. Nair,Muhammad A. Alam +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a simple analytical model based on reaction-diffusion theory was developed to predict the trade-off between average response (settling) time (ts) and minimum detectable concentration (ρ 0) for nanobiosensors and nanochemical sensors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conducting polymer nanostructures and their application in biosensors.
TL;DR: Various methods for synthesis of conducting polymer nanostructures and their applications in sensing materials are reviewed, focusing on hard-template, soft-template and other methods and the formation mechanism of Conducting polymer nanstructures by these methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanowire-Based Sensors
TL;DR: Various nanowires types (metallic, semiconducting, and insulating) and their employment either as a sensor material or as a template material are discussed and major obstacles and future steps towards the ultimate nanosensors based on nanowire are addressed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer
Nam Woo Kim,Mieczyslaw A. Piatyszek,Karen R. Prowse,Calvin B. Harley,Michael D. West,Peter L. C. Ho,Gina M. Coviello,Woodring E. Wright,Scott L. Weinrich,Jerry W. Shay +9 more
TL;DR: A highly sensitive assay for measuring telomerase activity was developed in this paper, which showed that telomerases appear to be stringently repressed in normal human somatic tissues but reactivated in cancer, where immortal cells are likely required to maintain tumor growth.
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Nanowire Nanosensors for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Biological and Chemical Species
TL;DR: The small size and capability of these semiconductor nanowires for sensitive, label-free, real-time detection of a wide range of chemical and biological species could be exploited in array-based screening and in vivo diagnostics.
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In vivo cancer targeting and imaging with semiconductor quantum dots
TL;DR: Sensitive and multicolor fluorescence imaging of cancer cells under in vivo conditions are achieved and a whole-body macro-illumination system with wavelength-resolved spectral imaging is integrated for efficient background removal and precise delineation of weak spectral signatures.
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Cancer nanotechnology: opportunities and challenges.
TL;DR: Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field, which covers a vast and diverse array of devices derived from engineering, biology, physics and chemistry that can provide essential breakthroughs in the fight against cancer.
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The use of nanocrystals in biological detection
TL;DR: The emerging ability to control the patterns of matter on the nanometer length scale can be expected to lead to entirely new types of biological sensors capable of sensing at the single-molecule level in living cells, and capable of parallel integration for detection of multiple signals.