Journal ArticleDOI
Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review
TLDR
A review of the recent developments in the wood pyrolysis and reports the characteristics of the resulting bio-oils, which are the main products of fast wood pyrotechnics, can be found in this paper.Abstract:
Fast pyrolysis utilizes biomass to produce a product that is used both as an energy source and a feedstock for chemical production. Considerable efforts have been made to convert wood biomass to liquid fuels and chemicals since the oil crisis in mid-1970s. This review focuses on the recent developments in the wood pyrolysis and reports the characteristics of the resulting bio-oils, which are the main products of fast wood pyrolysis. Virtually any form of biomass can be considered for fast pyrolysis. Most work has been performed on wood, because of its consistency and comparability between tests. However, nearly 100 types of biomass have been tested, ranging from agricultural wastes such as straw, olive pits, and nut shells to energy crops such as miscanthus and sorghum. Forestry wastes such as bark and thinnings and other solid wastes, including sewage sludge and leather wastes, have also been studied. In this review, the main (although not exclusive) emphasis has been given to wood. The literature on woo...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of transportation fuels from biomass: chemistry, catalysts, and engineering.
TL;DR: Hydrogen Production by Water−Gas Shift Reaction 4056 4.1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated review on fast pyrolysis of biomass for production of a liquid usually referred to as bio-oil is provided, including the major reaction systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Catalytic Valorization of Lignin for the Production of Renewable Chemicals
TL;DR: Biomass is an important feedstock for the renewable production of fuels, chemicals, and energy, and it recently surpassed hydroelectric energy as the largest domestic source of renewable energy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic removal from water/wastewater using adsorbents—A critical review
Dinesh Mohan,Charles U. Pittman +1 more
TL;DR: Strong acids and bases seem to be the best desorbing agents to produce arsenic concentrates, and some commercial adsorbents which include resins, gels, silica, treated silica tested for arsenic removal come out to be superior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: a review.
Mahtab Ahmad,Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha,Jung Eun Lim,Ming Zhang,Nanthi Bolan,Dinesh Mohan,Meththika Vithanage,Sang Soo Lee,Yong Sik Ok,Yong Sik Ok,Yong Sik Ok +10 more
TL;DR: Due to complexity of soil-water system in nature, the effectiveness of biochars on remediation of various organic/inorganic contaminants is still uncertain.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Production and Characterization of Pyrolysis Oils from Euphorbia Macroclada
Feride Tuncel,Hasan Ferdi Gerçel +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, pyrolysis runs were performed using reactor temperatures ranging between 400 and 700°C with heating rates of 7 and 40°C/min, respectively, and the highest liquid yield was obtained at 550°C pyrolynsis temperature with a heating rate of 7°C /min.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of base catalysis on the product distribution from pyrolysis of woody biomass in the presence of water
Anne Eva Borgund,Tanja Barth +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of variable experimental conditions during hydrous pyrolysis were investigated, and the results showed a general decrease in coke formation and increase in the extractable organic matter with a dominance of polar compounds.
Journal ArticleDOI
The application of pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry for characterization of bark phenolysis products
M. Hakkı Alma,Stephen S. Kelley +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometer (py-MBMS) was used to evaluate four common Mediterranean trees subjected to phenolysis under acidic conditions at moderate temperature (130°C or 150°C).
Journal ArticleDOI
Predicting the effective thermal conductivity of polydispersed beds of softwood bark and softwood char
TL;DR: In this paper, the effective thermal conductivity (ETC) of softwood bark and softwood char particle beds which are highly polydispersed has been studied theoretically and experimentally.