Journal ArticleDOI
Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review
TLDR
A review of the recent developments in the wood pyrolysis and reports the characteristics of the resulting bio-oils, which are the main products of fast wood pyrotechnics, can be found in this paper.Abstract:
Fast pyrolysis utilizes biomass to produce a product that is used both as an energy source and a feedstock for chemical production. Considerable efforts have been made to convert wood biomass to liquid fuels and chemicals since the oil crisis in mid-1970s. This review focuses on the recent developments in the wood pyrolysis and reports the characteristics of the resulting bio-oils, which are the main products of fast wood pyrolysis. Virtually any form of biomass can be considered for fast pyrolysis. Most work has been performed on wood, because of its consistency and comparability between tests. However, nearly 100 types of biomass have been tested, ranging from agricultural wastes such as straw, olive pits, and nut shells to energy crops such as miscanthus and sorghum. Forestry wastes such as bark and thinnings and other solid wastes, including sewage sludge and leather wastes, have also been studied. In this review, the main (although not exclusive) emphasis has been given to wood. The literature on woo...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of transportation fuels from biomass: chemistry, catalysts, and engineering.
TL;DR: Hydrogen Production by Water−Gas Shift Reaction 4056 4.1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated review on fast pyrolysis of biomass for production of a liquid usually referred to as bio-oil is provided, including the major reaction systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Catalytic Valorization of Lignin for the Production of Renewable Chemicals
TL;DR: Biomass is an important feedstock for the renewable production of fuels, chemicals, and energy, and it recently surpassed hydroelectric energy as the largest domestic source of renewable energy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic removal from water/wastewater using adsorbents—A critical review
Dinesh Mohan,Charles U. Pittman +1 more
TL;DR: Strong acids and bases seem to be the best desorbing agents to produce arsenic concentrates, and some commercial adsorbents which include resins, gels, silica, treated silica tested for arsenic removal come out to be superior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: a review.
Mahtab Ahmad,Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha,Jung Eun Lim,Ming Zhang,Nanthi Bolan,Dinesh Mohan,Meththika Vithanage,Sang Soo Lee,Yong Sik Ok,Yong Sik Ok,Yong Sik Ok +10 more
TL;DR: Due to complexity of soil-water system in nature, the effectiveness of biochars on remediation of various organic/inorganic contaminants is still uncertain.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Bio-oil from pyrolysis of cashew nut shell—a near fuel
Piyali Das,Anuradda Ganesh +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a packed bed vacuum pyrolysis unit was used to study the product distribution in a Cashew Nut Shell (CNS) and the effect on the product yields was also studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
Step-wise and one-step vacuum pyrolysis of birch-derived biomass to monitor the evolution of phenols
TL;DR: One-step and stepwise laboratory batch vacuum pyrolysis of a mixture of birch bark and birch sapwood was carried out in the temperature range 25-550°C.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison between ‘slow’ and ‘flash’ pyrolysis oils from biomass
R. Maggi,Bernard Delmon +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the results obtained in the characterization of different pyrolysis oils, five oils produced by carbonization and one by flash combustion, were first determined, then an in-depth chemical characterization was carried out by liquid-liquid fractionation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The production and evaluation of bio-oils from the pyrolysis of sunflower-oil cake
TL;DR: Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)-oil cake pyrolysis experiments were achieved in a fixed-bed tubular reactor in this article, where the effects of nitrogen flow rate and final pyroplysis temperature on the product yields and chemical compositions were investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Determination of calorific values of bio-chars and pyro-oils from pyrolysis of beech trunkbarks
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of both the heating rate and temperature of pyrolysis on pyro-oil and biochar yields and their characteristics were investigated, and it was concluded that both the temperature and heating rate had a significant effect on both yield of bio-char and pyrooil.