Journal ArticleDOI
Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review
TLDR
A review of the recent developments in the wood pyrolysis and reports the characteristics of the resulting bio-oils, which are the main products of fast wood pyrotechnics, can be found in this paper.Abstract:
Fast pyrolysis utilizes biomass to produce a product that is used both as an energy source and a feedstock for chemical production. Considerable efforts have been made to convert wood biomass to liquid fuels and chemicals since the oil crisis in mid-1970s. This review focuses on the recent developments in the wood pyrolysis and reports the characteristics of the resulting bio-oils, which are the main products of fast wood pyrolysis. Virtually any form of biomass can be considered for fast pyrolysis. Most work has been performed on wood, because of its consistency and comparability between tests. However, nearly 100 types of biomass have been tested, ranging from agricultural wastes such as straw, olive pits, and nut shells to energy crops such as miscanthus and sorghum. Forestry wastes such as bark and thinnings and other solid wastes, including sewage sludge and leather wastes, have also been studied. In this review, the main (although not exclusive) emphasis has been given to wood. The literature on woo...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of transportation fuels from biomass: chemistry, catalysts, and engineering.
TL;DR: Hydrogen Production by Water−Gas Shift Reaction 4056 4.1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated review on fast pyrolysis of biomass for production of a liquid usually referred to as bio-oil is provided, including the major reaction systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Catalytic Valorization of Lignin for the Production of Renewable Chemicals
TL;DR: Biomass is an important feedstock for the renewable production of fuels, chemicals, and energy, and it recently surpassed hydroelectric energy as the largest domestic source of renewable energy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic removal from water/wastewater using adsorbents—A critical review
Dinesh Mohan,Charles U. Pittman +1 more
TL;DR: Strong acids and bases seem to be the best desorbing agents to produce arsenic concentrates, and some commercial adsorbents which include resins, gels, silica, treated silica tested for arsenic removal come out to be superior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: a review.
Mahtab Ahmad,Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha,Jung Eun Lim,Ming Zhang,Nanthi Bolan,Dinesh Mohan,Meththika Vithanage,Sang Soo Lee,Yong Sik Ok,Yong Sik Ok,Yong Sik Ok +10 more
TL;DR: Due to complexity of soil-water system in nature, the effectiveness of biochars on remediation of various organic/inorganic contaminants is still uncertain.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pyrolysis, a promising route for biomass utilization
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of the main process parameters on the yields and characteristics of the products has been investigated and the differences between convertional and fast pyrolysis can be discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomass Gasification with Steam in Fluidized Bed: Effectiveness of CaO, MgO, and CaO−MgO for Hot Raw Gas Cleaning
TL;DR: In this article, the upgrading of the raw hot gas from a bubbling fluidized bed biomass gasifier is studied using cheap calcined minerals or rocks downstream from the gasifier. And the effects on tar conversion, tar amount in the exit gas, product distribution, and gas composition are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Production and characterization of bio-oil and biochar from rapeseed cake
TL;DR: In this paper, the production of bio-oil and biochar from rapeseed cake obtained by cold extraction pressing was investigated and the various characteristics of biochar and biooil acquired under static atmospheric conditions were identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conformation and packing of various crystalline cellulose fibers
TL;DR: An overview of conformation and packing arrangements of crystalline cellulose allomorphs (cellulose Iβ, II, III 1, IV 1, IV 2, complexes with ethylenediamine, water, Na) is provided and basic data are presented in figures and in tables as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fast Pyrolysis of Forestry Residue. 3. Storage Stability of Liquid Fuel
Anja Oasmaa,Eeva Kuoppala +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the storage stability of wood-based pyrolysis liquids was followed by analysis of the changes in the physical properties and chemical composition during storage, and the main physicochemical changes took place during the first six months.