Journal ArticleDOI
Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review
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TLDR
A review of the recent developments in the wood pyrolysis and reports the characteristics of the resulting bio-oils, which are the main products of fast wood pyrotechnics, can be found in this paper.Abstract:
Fast pyrolysis utilizes biomass to produce a product that is used both as an energy source and a feedstock for chemical production. Considerable efforts have been made to convert wood biomass to liquid fuels and chemicals since the oil crisis in mid-1970s. This review focuses on the recent developments in the wood pyrolysis and reports the characteristics of the resulting bio-oils, which are the main products of fast wood pyrolysis. Virtually any form of biomass can be considered for fast pyrolysis. Most work has been performed on wood, because of its consistency and comparability between tests. However, nearly 100 types of biomass have been tested, ranging from agricultural wastes such as straw, olive pits, and nut shells to energy crops such as miscanthus and sorghum. Forestry wastes such as bark and thinnings and other solid wastes, including sewage sludge and leather wastes, have also been studied. In this review, the main (although not exclusive) emphasis has been given to wood. The literature on woo...read more
Citations
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Synthesis of transportation fuels from biomass: chemistry, catalysts, and engineering.
TL;DR: Hydrogen Production by Water−Gas Shift Reaction 4056 4.1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated review on fast pyrolysis of biomass for production of a liquid usually referred to as bio-oil is provided, including the major reaction systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Catalytic Valorization of Lignin for the Production of Renewable Chemicals
TL;DR: Biomass is an important feedstock for the renewable production of fuels, chemicals, and energy, and it recently surpassed hydroelectric energy as the largest domestic source of renewable energy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic removal from water/wastewater using adsorbents—A critical review
Dinesh Mohan,Charles U. Pittman +1 more
TL;DR: Strong acids and bases seem to be the best desorbing agents to produce arsenic concentrates, and some commercial adsorbents which include resins, gels, silica, treated silica tested for arsenic removal come out to be superior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: a review.
Mahtab Ahmad,Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha,Jung Eun Lim,Ming Zhang,Nanthi Bolan,Dinesh Mohan,Meththika Vithanage,Sang Soo Lee,Yong Sik Ok,Yong Sik Ok,Yong Sik Ok +10 more
TL;DR: Due to complexity of soil-water system in nature, the effectiveness of biochars on remediation of various organic/inorganic contaminants is still uncertain.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pretreatment of poplar wood for fast pyrolysis: rate of cation removal
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a preliminary study of the rates of removal of the indigenous alkaline cations in a poplar wood (potassium and calcium mainly) by an ion exchange process using a dilute acid.
Journal ArticleDOI
Separation of phenols from Eucalyptus wood tar
TL;DR: In this paper, a primary conversion of the raw wood tar into a lighter oil was carried out with the objective of recovering valuable pure phenols, such as phenol, cresols, guaiacol, 4-methylguaiacols, catechol and syringol.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of initial moisture content on the yields of oily products from pyrolysis of biomass
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of initial moisture contents on the yields of total oily products from conventional pyrolysis of spruce wood, hazelnut shell and wheat straw were studied.
ReportDOI
Biomass Oil Analysis: Research Needs and Recommendations
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of biomass oils to help meet Office of the Biomass Program goals of establishing commercial biorefinery by 2010 and commercializing at least four biobased products was analyzed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Catalytic conversion of microalgae and vegetable oils to premium gasoline, with shape-selective zeolites
TL;DR: A seminal paper by Mobil researchers in 1979 demonstrated that a remarkable range of materials were convertible to a similar, high-octane, aromatic, gasoline product slate when passed over HZSM-5, a medium-pore, shape-selective, acid catalyst as mentioned in this paper.