Quantitative characterization of the spin-orbit torque using harmonic Hall voltage measurements
TLDR
In this article, the authors derived an analytical formula for the harmonic Hall voltages to evaluate the effective field for both out-of-plane and in-plane magnetized systems, and the results illustrate the versatility of harmonic Hall voltage measurement for studying current induced torques in magnetic heterostructures.Abstract:
Solid understanding of current induced torques is a key to the development of current and voltage controlled magnetization dynamics in ultrathin magnetic heterostructures. To evaluate the size and direction of such torques, or effective fields, a number of methods have been employed. Here, we examine the adiabatic (low-frequency) harmonic Hall voltage measurement that has been used to study the effective field. We derive an analytical formula for the harmonic Hall voltages to evaluate the effective field for both out of plane and in-plane magnetized systems. The formula agrees with numerical calculations based on a macrospin model. Two different in-plane magnetized films, Pt|CoFeB|MgO and CuIr|CoFeB|MgO are studied using the formula developed. The effective field obtained for the latter system shows relatively good agreement with that estimated using spin torque switching phase diagram measurements reported previously. Our results illustrate the versatile applicability of harmonic Hall voltage measurement for studying current induced torques in magnetic heterostructures.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems
Aurelien Manchon,J. Železný,Ioan Mihai Miron,Tomas Jungwirth,Jairo Sinova,André Thiaville,Kevin Garello,Pietro Gambardella +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors acknowledge support from the EU FET Open RIA Grant No 766566, the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic Grant No LM2015087 and LNSM-LNSpin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Skyrmion Hall effect revealed by direct time-resolved X-ray microscopy
Kai Litzius,Kai Litzius,Ivan Lemesh,Benjamin Krüger,Pedram Bassirian,Lucas Caretta,K. Richter,Felix Büttner,Koji Sato,Oleg A. Tretiakov,Oleg A. Tretiakov,Johannes Förster,Robert M. Reeve,Markus Weigand,Iuliia Bykova,Hermann Stoll,Gisela Schütz,Geoffrey S. D. Beach,Mathias Kläui +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used nanoscale pump-probe imaging to reveal the real-time dynamics of skyrmions driven by current-induced spin-orbit torques.
Journal Article
▲Current-induced effective field vector in Ta│CoFeB│MgO
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe vector measurements of the current-induced effective field in Ta|CoFeB|MgO heterostructures and show that the effective field exhibits a significant dependence on the Ta and CoFeB layer thicknesses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization through spin-orbit torque in antiferromagnet/ferromagnet/oxide structures.
Young Wan Oh,Seung-heon Chris Baek,Y. M. Kim,Hae Yeon Lee,Kyeong Dong Lee,Chang Geun Yang,Chang Geun Yang,Eun Sang Park,Eun Sang Park,Ki-Seung Lee,Kyoung-Whan Kim,Gyungchoon Go,Jong-Ryul Jeong,Byoung-Chul Min,Hyun-Woo Lee,Kyung Jin Lee,Byong-Guk Park +16 more
TL;DR: The antiferromagnetic IrMn layer supplies an in-plane exchange bias field, which enables all-electrical deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization without any assistance from an external magnetic field, and together with sizeable spin-orbit torques, these features make antiferromeagnets a promising candidate for future spintronic devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electric field control of deterministic current-induced magnetization switching in a hybrid ferromagnetic/ferroelectric structure.
Kaiming Cai,Meiyin Yang,Hailang Ju,Sumei Wang,Yang Ji,Baohe Li,K. W. Edmonds,Yu Sheng,Bao Zhang,Nan Zhang,Shuai Liu,Houzhi Zheng,Kaiyou Wang +12 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that an in-plane effective magnetic field can be induced by an electric field without breaking the symmetry of the structure of the thin film, and the deterministic magnetization switching in a hybrid ferromagnetic/ferroelectric structure with Pt/Co/Ni/ Co/Pt layers on PMN-PT substrate is realized.
References
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