The basics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Raghu Kalluri,Robert A. Weinberg +1 more
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TLDR
Processes similar to the EMTs associated with embryo implantation, embryogenesis, and organ development are appropriated and subverted by chronically inflamed tissues and neoplasias and the identification of the signaling pathways that lead to activation of EMT programs during these disease processes is providing new insights into the plasticity of cellular phenotypes.Abstract:
The origins of the mesenchymal cells participating in tissue repair and pathological processes, notably tissue fibrosis, tumor invasiveness, and metastasis, are poorly understood. However, emerging evidence suggests that epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) represent one important source of these cells. As we discuss here, processes similar to the EMTs associated with embryo implantation, embryogenesis, and organ development are appropriated and subverted by chronically inflamed tissues and neoplasias. The identification of the signaling pathways that lead to activation of EMT programs during these disease processes is providing new insights into the plasticity of cellular phenotypes and possible therapeutic interventions.read more
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Foxm1 transcription factor is required for lung fibrosis and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition
David Balli,Vladimir Ustiyan,Yufang Zhang,I-Ching Wang,Alex J Masino,Xiaomeng Ren,Jeffrey A. Whitsett,Vladimir V. Kalinichenko,Tanya V. Kalin +8 more
TL;DR: Lineage‐tracing studies demonstrated that Foxm1 increased EMT during radiation‐induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo, and it was found that siRNA‐mediated inhibition ofFoxm1 prevented TGF‐β‐induced EMT in vitro.
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Circulating tumor cell isolation, culture, and downstream molecular analysis.
Sandhya Sharma,Rachel Zhuang,Marisa Long,Mirjana Pavlovic,Yunqing Kang,Azhar Ilyas,Waseem Asghar +6 more
TL;DR: A number of cases are discussed that CTCs can play a key role for monitoring metastases, drug treatment response, and heterogeneity profiling regarding biomarkers and gene expression studies that bring treatment design further towards personalized medicine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Erk1/2 blockade prevents epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer cells and promotes their sensitivity to egfr inhibition
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/1, MAPK3/1) signaling plays a key role in directing the mesenchymal character of NSCLC cells and that blocking ERK signaling is sufficient to heighten therapeutic responses to EGF receptor (EGFR) inhibitors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal fibrosis – evidence for and against
Maria Fragiadaki,Roger M. Mason +1 more
TL;DR: Recently, cell lineage tracking experiments using the red fluorescent protein (RFP) as a high‐resolution marker for cells of renal epithelial origin did not replicate this result; the interstitial space following kidney injury was devoid of RFP expressing cells, leading the investigators to reject the renal EMT hypothesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ovarian carcinoma.
TL;DR: Current knowledge in EMT related to adhesion, transcriptional regulation and chemoresistance, and their clinical relevance are summarized, as well as the recently observed regulation of EMT by microRNA.
References
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The hallmarks of cancer.
TL;DR: This work has been supported by the Department of the Army and the National Institutes of Health, and the author acknowledges the support and encouragement of the National Cancer Institute.
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The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Generates Cells with Properties of Stem Cells
Sendurai A. Mani,Wenjun Guo,Mai Jing Liao,Elinor Ng Eaton,Ayyakkannu Ayyanan,Alicia Y. Zhou,Mary W. Brooks,Ferenc Reinhard,Cheng Cheng Zhang,Michail Shipitsin,Lauren L. Campbell,Kornelia Polyak,Cathrin Brisken,Jing Yang,Robert A. Weinberg +14 more
TL;DR: It is reported that the induction of an EMT in immortalized human mammary epithelial cells (HMLEs) results in the acquisition of mesenchymal traits and in the expression of stem-cell markers, and it is shown that those cells have an increased ability to form mammospheres, a property associated with mammARY epithelial stem cells.
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Epithelial–mesenchymal transitions in tumour progression
TL;DR: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition provides a new basis for understanding the progression of carcinoma towards dedifferentiated and more malignant states.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of TGF-β Signaling from Cell Membrane to the Nucleus
Yigong Shi,Joan Massagué +1 more
TL;DR: Current understanding on the mechanisms of TGF-β signaling from cell membrane to the nucleus is presented and the transcriptional regulation of target gene expression is reviewed.
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Complex networks orchestrate epithelial–mesenchymal transitions
TL;DR: Understanding how mesenchymal cells arise from an epithelial default status will also have a strong impact in unravelling the mechanisms that control fibrosis and cancer progression.