The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5.0.3)
Neil C. Swart,Jason N. S. Cole,Viatcheslav Kharin,Mike Lazare,John Scinocca,Nathan P. Gillett,James Anstey,Vivek K. Arora,James R. Christian,Sarah J. Hanna,Yanjun Jiao,Warren G. Lee,Fouad Majaess,Oleg A. Saenko,Christian Seiler,Clint Seinen,Andrew Shao,Michael Sigmond,Larry Solheim,Knut von Salzen,Duo Yang,Barbara Winter +21 more
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TLDR
The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) as mentioned in this paper is a global model developed to simulate historical climate change and variability, to make centennial-scale projections of future climate, and to produce initialized seasonal and decadal predictions.Abstract:
. The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) is a global
model developed to simulate historical climate change and variability, to
make centennial-scale projections of future climate, and to produce
initialized seasonal and decadal predictions. This paper describes the model
components and their coupling, as well as various aspects of model
development, including tuning, optimization, and a reproducibility strategy.
We also document the stability of the model using a long control simulation,
quantify the model's ability to reproduce large-scale features of the
historical climate, and evaluate the response of the model to external
forcing. CanESM5 is comprised of three-dimensional atmosphere (T63 spectral
resolution equivalent roughly to 2.8 ∘ ) and ocean (nominally 1 ∘ ) general
circulation models, a sea-ice model, a land surface scheme, and explicit
land and ocean carbon cycle models. The model features relatively coarse
resolution and high throughput, which facilitates the production of large
ensembles. CanESM5 has a notably higher equilibrium climate sensitivity
(5.6 K) than its predecessor, CanESM2 (3.7 K), which we briefly discuss, along
with simulated changes over the historical period. CanESM5 simulations
contribute to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6)
and will be employed for climate science and service applications in Canada.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Context for interpreting equilibrium climate sensitivity and transient climate response from the CMIP6 Earth system models.
Gerald A. Meehl,Catherine A. Senior,Veronika Eyring,Veronika Eyring,Gregory M. Flato,Jean-Francois Lamarque,Ronald J. Stouffer,Karl E. Taylor,Manuel Schlund +8 more
TL;DR: Cloud feedbacks and cloud-aerosol interactions are the most likely contributors to the high values and increased range of ECS in CMIP6.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979
Mika Rantanen,Alexey Yu. Karpechko,Antti Lipponen,Kalle Nordling,Otto Hyvärinen,Kimmo Ruosteenoja,Timo Vihma,Ari Laaksonen +7 more
TL;DR: This paper showed that during the last 43 years the Arctic has been warming nearly four times faster than the globe, which is a higher ratio than generally reported in literature, and compared the observed Arctic amplification ratio with the ratio simulated by state-of-the-art climate models, and found that the observed fourfold warming ratio over 1979-2021 is an extremely rare occasion in the climate model simulations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Twenty-first century ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, and upper-ocean nutrient and primary production decline from CMIP6 model projections
Lester Kwiatkowski,Olivier Torres,Laurent Bopp,Olivier Aumont,Matthew A. Chamberlain,James R. Christian,John P. Dunne,Marion Gehlen,Tatiana Ilyina,Jasmin G. John,Andrew Lenton,Andrew Lenton,Hongmei Li,Nicole S. Lovenduski,James C. Orr,Julien Palmieri,Yeray Santana-Falcón,Jörg Schwinger,Roland Séférian,Charles A. Stock,Alessandro Tagliabue,Yohei Takano,Yohei Takano,Jerry Tjiputra,Katsuya Toyama,Hiroyuki Tsujino,Michio Watanabe,Akitomo Yamamoto,Andrew Yool,Tilo Ziehn +29 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess projections of these drivers of environmental change over the twenty-first century from Earth system models (ESMs) participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) that were forced under the CMIP6 Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs).
Journal ArticleDOI
Projections of Precipitation and Temperature over the South Asian Countries in CMIP6
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the projected changes in temperature and precipitation over six South Asian countries during the twenty-first century, and showed that the CMIP6 models display higher sensitivity to greenhouse gas emissions over South Asia compared with the CMIA5 models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon-concentration and carbon-climate feedbacks in CMIP6 models and their comparison to CMIP5 models
Vivek K. Arora,Anna Katavouta,Anna Katavouta,Richard G. Williams,Chris D. Jones,Victor Brovkin,Victor Brovkin,Pierre Friedlingstein,Jörg Schwinger,Laurent Bopp,Olivier Boucher,Patricia Cadule,Matthew A. Chamberlain,James R. Christian,Christine Delire,Rosie A. Fisher,Tomohiro Hajima,Tatiana Ilyina,Emilie Joetzjer,Michio Kawamiya,Charles D. Koven,John P. Krasting,Rachel M. Law,David M. Lawrence,Andrew Lenton,Keith Lindsay,Julia Pongratz,Julia Pongratz,Thomas Raddatz,Roland Séférian,Kaoru Tachiiri,Jerry Tjiputra,Andy Wiltshire,Tongwen Wu,Tilo Ziehn +34 more
TL;DR: In this article, results from the fully and biogeochemically coupled simulations in which CO2 increases at a rate of 1% 1/1/yr −1 /1pct CO2 from its preindustrial value are analyzed to quantify the magnitude of carbon-concentration and carbon-climate feedback parameters which measure the response of ocean and terrestrial carbon pools to changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration and the resulting change in global climate, respectively.
References
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Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century
Nick Rayner,David E. Parker,E. B. Horton,Chris K. Folland,Lisa V. Alexander,David P. Rowell,Elizabeth C. Kent,Alexey Kaplan +7 more
TL;DR: HadISST1 as mentioned in this paper replaces the global sea ice and sea surface temperature (GISST) data sets and is a unique combination of monthly globally complete fields of SST and sea ice concentration on a 1° latitude-longitude grid from 1871.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overview of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) experimental design and organization
Veronika Eyring,Sandrine Bony,Gerald A. Meehl,Catherine A. Senior,Bjorn Stevens,Ronald J. Stouffer,Karl E. Taylor +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the background and rationale for the new structure of CMIP, provides a detailed description of the DECK and CMIP6 historical simulations, and includes a brief introduction to the 21-CMIP6-Endorsed MIPs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isopycnal mixing in ocean circulation models
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Journal ArticleDOI
Fully multidimensional flux-corrected transport algorithms for fluids
TL;DR: In this paper, the critical flux limiting stage is implemented in multidimensions without resort to time splitting, which allows the use of flux-corrected transport (FCT) techniques in multi-dimensional fluid problems for which time splitting would produce unacceptable numerical results.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development and validation of a global database of lakes, reservoirs and wetlands
TL;DR: The Global Lakes and Wetlands Database (GLWD) as mentioned in this paper was created by combining the best available sources for lakes and wetlands on a global scale and the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) functionality enabled the generation of a database which focuses in three coordinated levels on (1) large lakes and reservoirs, (2) smaller water bodies, and (3) wetlands.
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