The design and rationale of a multicenter clinical trial comparing two strategies for control of systolic blood pressure: the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT).
Walter T. Ambrosius,Kaycee M. Sink,Capri G. Foy,Dan R. Berlowitz,Alfred K. Cheung,William C. Cushman,Lawrence J. Fine,David C. Goff,Karen C. Johnson,Anthony A. Killeen,Cora E. Lewis,Suzanne Oparil,David M. Reboussin,Michael V. Rocco,Joni K. Snyder,Jeff D. Williamson,Jackson T. Wright,Paul K. Whelton +17 more
TLDR
The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial will provide important information on the risks and benefits of intensive blood pressure treatment targets in a diverse sample of high-risk participants, including those with prior cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and those aged ≥75 years.Abstract:
Background:High blood pressure is an important public health concern because it is highly prevalent and a risk factor for adverse health outcomes, including coronary heart disease, stroke, decompensated heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and decline in cognitive function. Observational studies show a progressive increase in risk associated with blood pressure above 115/75 mm Hg. Prior research has shown that reducing elevated systolic blood pressure lowers the risk of subsequent clinical complications from cardiovascular disease. However, the optimal systolic blood pressure to reduce blood pressure–related adverse outcomes is unclear, and the benefit of treating to a level of systolic blood pressure well below 140 mm Hg has not been proven in a large, definitive clinical trial.Purpose:To describe the design considerations of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) and the baseline characteristics of trial participants.Methods:The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial is a multicen...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines
Paul K. Whelton,Robert M. Carey,Wilbert S. Aronow,Donald E. Casey,Karen J. Collins,Cheryl Dennison Himmelfarb,Sondra M. DePalma,Samuel S. Gidding,Kenneth Jamerson,Daniel W. Jones,Eric J. MacLaughlin,Paul Muntner,Bruce Ovbiagele,Sidney C. Smith,Crystal C. Spencer,Randall S. Stafford,Sandra J. Taler,Randal J. Thomas,Kim A. Williams,Jeff D. Williamson,Jackson T. Wright +20 more
TL;DR: Since 1980, the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association have translated scientific evidence into clinical practice guidelines (guidelines) with recommendations to improve cardiovascular health.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control
Jackson T. Wright,Jeff D. Williamson,Paul K. Whelton,Joni K. Snyder,Kaycee M. Sink,Michael V. Rocco,David M. Reboussin,Mahboob Rahman,Mahboob Rahman,Suzanne Oparil,Cora E. Lewis,Paul L. Kimmel,Karen C. Johnson,David C. Goff,Lawrence J. Fine,Jeffrey A. Cutler,William C. Cushman,Alfred K. Cheung,Walter T. Ambrosius +18 more
TL;DR: In this article, the most appropriate targets for systolic blood pressure to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among persons without diabetes remain uncertain, and the authors propose a target of less than 120 mm Hg.
Journal ArticleDOI
2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines
Paul K. Whelton,Robert M. Carey,Wilbert S. Aronow,Donald E. Casey,Karen J. Collins,Cheryl Dennison Himmelfarb,Sondra M. DePalma,Samuel S. Gidding,Kenneth Jamerson,Daniel W. Jones,Eric J. MacLaughlin,Paul Muntner,Bruce Ovbiagele,Sidney C. Smith,Crystal C. Spencer,Randall S. Stafford,Sandra J. Taler,Randal J. Thomas,Kim A. Williams,Jeff D. Williamson,Jackson T. Wright +20 more
TL;DR: The next generation of scientists and decision-makers will have a greater understanding of what constitutes a credible threat to public health and how to protect them from that threat.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control.
TL;DR: Among patients at high risk for cardiovascular events but without diabetes, targeting a systolic blood pressure target of less than 120 mm Hg, as compared with less than 140 mm HG, resulted in lower rates of fatal and nonfatal major cardiovascular events and death from any cause, although significantly higher rates of some adverse events were observed in the intensive-treatment group.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes in Adults Aged ≥75 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Jeff D. Williamson,Mark A. Supiano,Mark A. Supiano,William B. Applegate,Dan R. Berlowitz,Dan R. Berlowitz,Ruth C. Campbell,Glenn M. Chertow,Larry J. Fine,William E. Haley,Amret T. Hawfield,Joachim H. Ix,Joachim H. Ix,Dalane W. Kitzman,John B. Kostis,Marie Krousel-Wood,Lenore J. Launer,Suzanne Oparil,Carlos J. Rodriguez,Christianne L. Roumie,Christianne L. Roumie,Ronald I. Shorr,Ronald I. Shorr,Kaycee M. Sink,Virginia G. Wadley,Paul K. Whelton,Jeff Whittle,Jeff Whittle,Nancy Woolard,Jackson T. Wright,Nicholas M. Pajewski +30 more
TL;DR: Among ambulatory adults aged 75 years or older, treating to an SBP target of less than 120 mm Hg compared with an SBp target of more than 140mm Hg resulted in significantly lower rates of fatal and nonfatal major cardiovascular events and death from any cause.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimated deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; sum of years lived with disability [YLD] and years of life lost [YLL]) attributable to the independent effects of 67 risk factors and clusters of risk factors for 21 regions in 1990 and 2010.
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Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies.
TL;DR: Throughout middle and old age, usual blood pressure is strongly and directly related to vascular (and overall) mortality, without any evidence of a threshold down to at least 115/75 mm Hg.
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