The future of epigenetic therapy in solid tumours--lessons from the past.
TLDR
It is hypothesized that in using low-dose epigenetic-modulating agents, tumour cells can be reprogrammed, which overrides any immediate cytotoxic and off-target effect observed at high dose, and could give these agents a prominent place in cancer management.Abstract:
The promise of targeting epigenetic abnormalities for cancer therapy has not been realized for solid tumours, although increasing evidence is demonstrating its worth in haematological malignancies. In fact, true clinical efficacy in haematopoietic-related neoplasms has only become evident at low doses of epigenetic-targeting drugs (namely, inhibitors of histone deacetylase and DNA methyltransferases). Describing data from preclinical studies and early clinical trial results, we hypothesize that in using low-dose epigenetic-modulating agents, tumour cells can be reprogrammed, which overrides any immediate cytotoxic and off-target effect observed at high dose. We suggest that such optimization of drug dosing and scheduling of currently available agents could give these agents a prominent place in cancer management--when used alone or in combination with other therapies. If so, optimal use of these known agents might also pave the way for the introduction of other agents that target the epigenome.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Targeting Chromatin-Mediated Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy: Preclinical Rationale and Clinical Results
TL;DR: Although preclinical data suggest that a pharmacological treatment targeting the epigenetic machinery has relevant activity over the neoplastic phenotype of NSCLC cells, clinical results are disappointing, leading only to short periods of disease stabilization in NSCLCs patients, and evidence calls for a significant rethinking of strategies for an effective epigenetic therapy of NSCRC.
Book ChapterDOI
Epigenetics in head and neck cancer.
TL;DR: It is important to address the use of epigenetic pathways in new approaches to molecular diagnosis and novel targeted treatments across the clinical spectrum, and to understand the principles of epigenetics mechanisms and how these principles relate to human health and disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low-dose DNA-demethylating agent enhances the chemosensitivity of cancer cells by targeting cancer stem cells via the upregulation of microRNA-497
TL;DR: Low-dose decitabine was able to augment chemosensitivity in cancer stem cells, likely by the upregulation of miRNA-497, which was reported to be downregulated and to have promoted cell apoptosis in multiple cancers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Combined inhibition of HDAC and DNMT1 induces p85α/MEK-mediated cell cycle arrest by dual target inhibitor 208 in U937 cells
TL;DR: Biological function analysis showed that the combined epigenetic inhibition influenced various processes, including the synthesis and processing of RNA, translation, protein transport, and DNA repair, which supports their further improvement and development.
Journal ArticleDOI
No patient left behind: The promise of immune priming with epigenetic agents.
Corey A. Carter,Bryan Oronsky,Joseph Roswarski,Arnold L. Oronsky,Neil Oronsky,Jan Scicinski,H. Lybeck,Michelle M. Kim,Michelle Lybeck,Tony R. Reid +9 more
TL;DR: The case is made that the success of the no-patient-left-behind strategy to boost anticancer T cell effector function in relation to a tumor immunosuppression cycle critically depends on the toxicity profile of the epigenetic agent(s).
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TL;DR: The ability to integrate information across platforms provided key insights into previously defined gene expression subtypes and demonstrated the existence of four main breast cancer classes when combining data from five platforms, each of which shows significant molecular heterogeneity.
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