Journal ArticleDOI
The Geographic Distribution of Big Five Personality Traits Patterns and Profiles of Human Self-Description Across 56 Nations
David P. Schmitt,Jüri Allik,Robert R. McCrae,Verónica Benet-Martínez,Lidia Alcalay,Lara Ault,Ivars Austers,Kevin Bennett,Gabriel Bianchi,Fredric Boholst,Mary Ann Borg Cunen,Johan Braeckman,Edwin G. Brainerd,Leo Gerard A. Caral,Gabrielle Caron,María Martina Casullo,Michael Cunningham,Ikuo Daibo,Charlotte J. S. De Backer,Eros De Souza,Rolando Díaz-Loving,Glaucia Ribeiro Starling Diniz,Kevin Durkin,Marcela Echegaray,Ekin Eremsoy,Harald A. Euler,Ruth Falzon,Maryanne L. Fisher,Dolores Foley,Douglas P. Fry,Sirspa Fry,M. Arif Ghayur,Debra L. Golden,Karl Grammer,Liria Grimaldi,Jamin Halberstadt,Shamsul Haque,Dora Herrera,Janine Hertel,Heather Hoffmann,Danica Hooper,Zuzana Hradilekova,Jasna Hudek-Kene-Evi,Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar,Margarita Jankauskaite,Heidi Kabangu-Stahel,Igor Kardum,Brigitte Khoury,Hayrran Kwon,Kaia Laidra,Anton Laireiter,Dustin Lakerveld,Ada Lampert,Mary Anne Lauri,Marguerite Lavallée,Suk Jae Lee,Luk Chung Leung,Kenneth D. Locke,Vance Locke,Ivan Lukšík,Ishmael Magaisa,Dalia Marcinkeviciene,André Mata,Rui Mata,Barry Mccarthy,Michael E. Mills,Nhlanhla Mkhize,João Manuel Moreira,Sérgio Moreira,Miguel Moya,M. Munyae,Patricia Noller,Adrian Opre,Alexia Panayiotou,Nebojša Petrović,Karolien Poels,Miroslav Popper,Maria Poulimenou,Volodymyr P'yatokh,Michel Raymond,Ulf-Dietrich Reips,Susan E. Reneau,Sofía Rivera-Aragón,Wade C. Rowatt,Willibald Ruch,Velko S. Rus,Marilyn P. Safir,Sonia Salas,Fabio Sambataro,Kenneth Sandnabba,Marion K. Schulmeyer,Astrid Schütz,Tullio Scrimali,Todd K. Shackelford,Phillip R. Shaver,Francis J Sichona,Franco Simonetti,Tilahun Sineshaw,Tom Speelman,Spyros Spyrou,H. Canan Sümer,Nebi Sümer,Marianna Supekova,Tomasz Szlendak,Robin Taylor,Bert Timmermans,William Tooke,Ioannis Tsaousis,F. S.K. Tungaraza,Griet Vandermassen,Tim Vanhoomissen,Frank Van Overwalle,Ine Vanwesenbeeck,Paul L. Vasey,João Veríssimo,Martin Voracek,Wendy W.N. Wan,Ta Wei Wang,Peter Weiss,Andik Wijaya,Liesbeth Woertman,Gahyun Youn,Agata Zupanèiè,Mithila B. Sharan +123 more
TLDR
The Big Five Inventory (BFI) is a self-report measure designed to assess the high-order personality traits of Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
The Big Five Inventory (BFI) is a self-report measure designed to assess the high-order personality traits of Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness. As part of the International Sexuality Description Project, the BFI was translated from English into 28 languages and administered to 17,837 individuals from 56 nations. The resulting cross-cultural data set was used to address three main questions: Does the factor structure of the English BFI fully replicate across cultures? How valid are the BFI trait profiles of individual nations? And how are personality traits distributed throughout the world? The five-dimensional structure was robust across major regions of the world. Trait levels were related in predictable ways to self-esteem, sociosexuality, and national personality profiles. People from the geographic regions of South America and East Asia were significantly different in openness from those inhabiting other world regions. The discussion focuses on limitations of t...read more
Citations
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The WEIRDest People in the World
TL;DR: A review of the comparative database from across the behavioral sciences suggests both that there is substantial variability in experimental results across populations and that WEIRD subjects are particularly unusual compared with the rest of the species – frequent outliers.
Journal ArticleDOI
WEIRD languages have misled us, too [Comment on Henrich et al.]
Asifa Majid,Stephen C. Levinson +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Violent Video Game Effects on Aggression, Empathy, and Prosocial Behavior in Eastern and Western Countries: A Meta-Analytic Review.
Craig A. Anderson,Akiko Shibuya,Nobuko Ihori,Edward L. Swing,Brad J. Bushman,Akira Sakamoto,Hannah R. Rothstein,Muniba Saleem +7 more
TL;DR: The evidence strongly suggests that exposure to violent video games is a causal risk factor for increased aggressive behavior, aggressive cognition, and aggressive affect and for decreased empathy and prosocial behavior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Why can't a man be more like a woman? Sex differences in Big Five personality traits across 55 cultures.
TL;DR: Overall, higher levels of human development--including long and healthy life, equal access to knowledge and education, and economic wealth--were the main nation-level predictors of larger sex differences in personality.
Journal ArticleDOI
The next Big Five Inventory (BFI-2): Developing and assessing a hierarchical model with 15 facets to enhance bandwidth, fidelity, and predictive power.
TL;DR: The BFI-2 introduces a robust hierarchical structure, controls for individual differences in acquiescent responding, and provides greater bandwidth, fidelity, and predictive power than the original BFI, while still retaining the original measure’s conceptual focus, brevity, and ease of understanding.
References
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Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
TL;DR: The concepts of power analysis are discussed in this paper, where Chi-square Tests for Goodness of Fit and Contingency Tables, t-Test for Means, and Sign Test are used.
Journal ArticleDOI
Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.
TL;DR: This transmutability of the validation matrix argues for the comparisons within the heteromethod block as the most generally relevant validation data, and illustrates the potential interchangeability of trait and method components.
Journal ArticleDOI
The scree test for the number of factors
TL;DR: The Scree Test for the Number Of Factors this paper was first proposed in 1966 and has been used extensively in the field of behavioral analysis since then, e.g., in this paper.
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