Journal ArticleDOI
The immune system and kidney disease: basic concepts and clinical implications
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TLDR
The kidneys are frequently targeted by pathogenic immune responses against renal autoantigens or by local manifestations of systemic autoimmunity, causing intestinal barrier dysfunction, systemic inflammation and immunodeficiency that contribute to the morbidity and mortality of patients with kidney disease.Abstract:
The kidneys are frequently targeted by pathogenic immune responses against renal autoantigens or by local manifestations of systemic autoimmunity. Recent studies in rodent models and humans have uncovered several underlying mechanisms that can be used to explain the previously enigmatic immunopathology of many kidney diseases. These mechanisms include kidney-specific damage-associated molecular patterns that cause sterile inflammation, the crosstalk between renal dendritic cells and T cells, the development of kidney-targeting autoantibodies and molecular mimicry with microbial pathogens. Conversely, kidney failure affects general immunity, causing intestinal barrier dysfunction, systemic inflammation and immunodeficiency that contribute to the morbidity and mortality of patients with kidney disease. In this Review, we summarize the recent findings regarding the interactions between the kidneys and the immune system.read more
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Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis.
Payam Nahid,Susan E. Dorman,Narges Alipanah,Pennan M. Barry,Jan Brozek,Adithya Cattamanchi,Lelia H. Chaisson,Richard E. Chaisson,Charles L. Daley,M. Grzemska,Julie Higashi,Christine S Ho,Philip C. Hopewell,Salmaan Keshavjee,Christian Lienhardt,Richard Menzies,Cynthia Merrifield,Masahiro Narita,Rick O'Brien,Charles A. Peloquin,Ann Raftery,Jussi J. Saukkonen,H. Simon Schaaf,Giovanni Sotgiu,Jeffrey R. Starke,Giovanni Battista Migliori,Andrew Vernon +26 more
TL;DR: This guideline provides recommendations on the clinical and public health management of tuberculosis in children and adults in settings in which mycobacterial cultures, molecular and phenotypic drug susceptibility tests, and radiographic studies, among other diagnostic tools, are available on a routine basis.
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Inflammation in AKI: Current Understanding, Key Questions, and Knowledge Gaps
Hamid Rabb,Matthew D. Griffin,Dianne B. McKay,Sundararaman Swaminathan,Peter Pickkers,Mitchell H. Rosner,John A. Kellum,Claudio Ronco +7 more
TL;DR: The most important recent developments in understanding the inflammatory mechanisms of AKI are summarized, key limitations of the commonly used animal models and clinical trial designs that may prevent successful clinical application are highlighted, and priority approaches for research toward clinical translation are suggested.
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Complement in disease: a defence system turning offensive
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Immune cells in experimental acute kidney injury
Hye Ryoun Jang,Hamid Rabb +1 more
TL;DR: Experimental studies of immune cells in AKI have resulted in improved understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying AKI and will be the foundation for development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Organ and tissue fibrosis: Molecular signals, cellular mechanisms and translational implications
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References
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Origin, homeostasis and function of Langerhans cells and other langerin-expressing dendritic cells
TL;DR: New developments in the understanding of the biology of LCs and other langerin+ DCs are described and the challenges that remain in identifying the role of different DC subsets in tissue immunity are discussed.
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The Sterile Inflammatory Response
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How Does Proteinuria Cause Progressive Renal Damage
TL;DR: Evidence indicating that proteinuria may accelerate kidney disease progression to end-stage renal failure is reviewed, and proximal tubular cell receptors for uptake of plasma proteins that are under investigation may provide activation signals on excess tubular protein handling.
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The Pathogenesis of Sepsis
Deborah J. Stearns-Kurosawa,Marcin F. Osuchowski,Catherine Valentine,Shinichiro Kurosawa,Daniel G. Remick +4 more
TL;DR: Biomarkers may be used to help diagnose patients with sepsis, and they may also help to identify patients who would benefit from immunomodulatory therapies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interleukin 17 Promotes Angiotensin II–Induced Hypertension and Vascular Dysfunction
Meena S. Madhur,Heinrich E. Lob,Louise McCann,Yoichiro Iwakura,Yelena Blinder,Tomasz J. Guzik,David G. Harrison +6 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that IL-17 is critical for the maintenance of angiotensin II–induced hypertension and vascular dysfunction and might be a therapeutic target for this widespread disease.