Journal ArticleDOI
The immune system and kidney disease: basic concepts and clinical implications
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TLDR
The kidneys are frequently targeted by pathogenic immune responses against renal autoantigens or by local manifestations of systemic autoimmunity, causing intestinal barrier dysfunction, systemic inflammation and immunodeficiency that contribute to the morbidity and mortality of patients with kidney disease.Abstract:
The kidneys are frequently targeted by pathogenic immune responses against renal autoantigens or by local manifestations of systemic autoimmunity. Recent studies in rodent models and humans have uncovered several underlying mechanisms that can be used to explain the previously enigmatic immunopathology of many kidney diseases. These mechanisms include kidney-specific damage-associated molecular patterns that cause sterile inflammation, the crosstalk between renal dendritic cells and T cells, the development of kidney-targeting autoantibodies and molecular mimicry with microbial pathogens. Conversely, kidney failure affects general immunity, causing intestinal barrier dysfunction, systemic inflammation and immunodeficiency that contribute to the morbidity and mortality of patients with kidney disease. In this Review, we summarize the recent findings regarding the interactions between the kidneys and the immune system.read more
Citations
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Angiopoietin-like protein 2 increases renal fibrosis by accelerating transforming growth factor-β signaling in chronic kidney disease
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Superantigens Subvert the Neutrophil Response To Promote Abscess Formation and Enhance Staphylococcus aureus Survival In Vivo
Stacey X. Xu,Kevin J. Gilmore,Peter A. Szabo,Joseph J. Zeppa,Miren L. Baroja,Miren L. Baroja,S. M. Mansour Haeryfar,S. M. Mansour Haeryfar,John K. McCormick,John K. McCormick +9 more
TL;DR: This work has evaluated the role of the bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A in a bacteremia model using humanized transgenic mice expressing SAg-responsive HLA-DR4 molecules and identified a novel mechanism during infection whereby S. aureus utilizes SAgs to form a specialized niche and manipulate the immune system.
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Regulatory T cells in kidney disease and transplantation
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Journal ArticleDOI
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