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The MARTINI force field : Coarse grained model for biomolecular simulations

TLDR
An improved and extended version of the coarse grained lipid model is presented, coined the MARTINI force field, based on the reproduction of partitioning free energies between polar and apolar phases of a large number of chemical compounds to reproduce the free energies of these chemical building blocks.
Abstract
We present an improved and extended version of our coarse grained lipid model. The new version, coined the MARTINI force field, is parametrized in a systematic way, based on the reproduction of partitioning free energies between polar and apolar phases of a large number of chemical compounds. To reproduce the free energies of these chemical building blocks, the number of possible interaction levels of the coarse-grained sites has increased compared to those of the previous model. Application of the new model to lipid bilayers shows an improved behavior in terms of the stress profile across the bilayer and the tendency to form pores. An extension of the force field now also allows the simulation of planar (ring) compounds, including sterols. Application to a bilayer/cholesterol system at various concentrations shows the typical cholesterol condensation effect similar to that observed in all atom representations.

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GROMACS: High performance molecular simulations through multi-level parallelism from laptops to supercomputers

TL;DR: GROMACS is one of the most widely used open-source and free software codes in chemistry, used primarily for dynamical simulations of biomolecules, and provides a rich set of calculation types.
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Gromacs 4.5

TL;DR: A range of new simulation algorithms and features developed during the past 4 years are presented, leading up to the GROMACS 4.5 software package, which provides extremely high performance and cost efficiency for high-throughput as well as massively parallel simulations.
Journal ArticleDOI

The MARTINI Coarse-Grained Force Field: Extension to Proteins

TL;DR: A new CG model for proteins as an extension of the MARTINI force field is developed and effectively reproduces peptide-lipid interactions and the partitioning of amino acids and peptides in lipid bilayers.
Journal ArticleDOI

Improved Parameters for the Martini Coarse-Grained Protein Force Field

TL;DR: Improve some of the bonded terms in the Martini protein force field that lead to a more realistic length of α-helices and to improved numerical stability for polyalanine and glycine repeats.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The bending rigidity of an amphiphilic bilayer from equilibrium and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics

TL;DR: In this article, the bending free energy of a tensionless bilayer is proportional to the square of the Fourier coefficients of the undulation modes, and the proportionality constant then provides the bending rigidity of the layer.
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Prediction of solvation free energies of small organic molecules : additive-constitutive models based on molecular fingerprints and atomic constants

TL;DR: This work explored rapid and accurate means of computing solvation free energies from the covalent structures of organic molecules and compared the results on a test set with the GB/SA solvation model.
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Universal solvation model based on conductor‐like screening model

TL;DR: In this article, the convergence of the calculated polarization free energies with respect to the numerical parameters of the electrostatic calculations is first examined, and the accuracy and precision of calculated values are improved significantly by adjusting two parameters that control the segmentation of the solvent-accessible surface that is used for the calculations.
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Coarse-grained model simulations of mixed-lipid systems: composition and line tension of a stabilized bilayer edge.

TL;DR: Bilayer disks and ribbons composed of a mixture of short- and long-tail phospholipids have been studied by molecular dynamics with a coarse-grained model, suggesting that certain circumstances give rise to a "segregation inversion" in which the long- tail lipid behaves as an edge stabilizer.
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Dynamic interfacial tension behavior of water/oil systems containing in situ-formed surfactants

TL;DR: In this article, the time-dependent interfacial tension (IFT) was investigated for an interfacially reactive immiscible system composed of model-acidified oil and alkaline water.
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