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Journal ArticleDOI

Tumor vascular permeability and the EPR effect in macromolecular therapeutics: a review.

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TLDR
The basic characteristics of the EPR effect, particularly the factors involved, are described, as well as its modulation for improving delivery of macromolecular drugs to the tumor.
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This article is published in Journal of Controlled Release.The article was published on 2000-03-01. It has received 5955 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Enhanced permeability and retention effect & Vascular permeability.

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Polyethylene glycol conjugates of methotrexate varying in their molecular weight from MW 750 to MW 40000: synthesis, characterization, and structure-activity relationships in vitro and in vivo

TL;DR: Results indicate that release of MTX from polymer conjugates is not necessary for an effective interaction with the active site of dihydrofolate reductase, and in vitro cytotoxicity revealed that the IC(50) values of the tested compounds increased with the size of the drug-polymer conjugate.
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Amphiphilic Polymeric Nanocarriers with Luminescent Gold Nanoclusters for Concurrent Bioimaging and Controlled Drug Release

TL;DR: The design of a theranostic nanocomposite capable of simultaneous targeting and imaging of the cancer cells is presented and in vivo studies show the selective accumulation of the FA‐conjugated nanocompositionite in tumor tissues by folate‐receptor‐mediated endocytosis.
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Design of hybrid nanovehicles for remotely triggered drug release: an overview

TL;DR: Different hybrid nanostructures which have already been reported for the remotely triggered release, such as those based on (1) host-guest conjugates, (2) core-corona nanoparticles, (3) polymer nanogels, (4) polymer micelles, (5) liposomes, (6) mesoporous silica particles and (7) hollow nanoparticles are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Structure‐Based Rational Design of Prodrugs To Enable Their Combination with Polymeric Nanoparticle Delivery Platforms for Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy

TL;DR: A drug reform strategy is employed to construct a small library of SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin)-derived prodrugs, in which the phenolate group was modified with a variety of hydrophobic moieties to induce their self-assembly into biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(d,l-lactic acid) (PEG-PLA) nanoparticulate structures.
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9-NC-loaded folate-conjugated polymer micelles as tumor targeted drug delivery system: Preparation and evaluation in vitro

TL;DR: The folate-conjugated polymer micelle which can avoid the macrophages is a kind of promising carrier for poorly soluble anticancer agents via folate receptor (FR) that mediated endocytosis to target tumor cells.
References
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Journal Article

A New Concept for Macromolecular Therapeutics in Cancer Chemotherapy: Mechanism of Tumoritropic Accumulation of Proteins and the Antitumor Agent Smancs

TL;DR: It is speculated that the tumoritropic accumulation of smancs and other proteins resulted because of the hypervasculature, an enhanced permeability to even macromolecules, and little recovery through either blood vessels or lymphatic vessels in tumors of tumor-bearing mice.
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Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen

TL;DR: DNA sequencing suggests the existence of several molecular species of VEGF, a heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells that is able to induce angiogenesis in vivo.
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Tumor cells secrete a vascular permeability factor that promotes accumulation of ascites fluid.

TL;DR: Tumor ascites fluids from guinea pigs, hamsters, and mice contain activity that rapidly increases microvascular permeability, and this activity is secreted by these tumor cells and a variety of other tumor cell lines in vitro.
Journal Article

Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor, microvascular hyperpermeability, and angiogenesis.

TL;DR: T tumors have "borrowed" fundamental mechanisms that developed in multicellular organisms for purposes of tissue defense, renewal, and repair and taught us something new about angiogenesis, namely, that vascular hyperpermeability and consequent plasma protein extravasation are important, perhaps essential, elements in its generation.
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Nitric oxide production contributes to the angiogenic properties of vascular endothelial growth factor in human endothelial cells.

TL;DR: Both short- and long-term exposure of human EC to VEGF stimulates the release of biologically active NO, suggesting that NO mediates aspects of V EGF signaling required for EC proliferation and organization in vitro.
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