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Journal ArticleDOI

Tumor vascular permeability and the EPR effect in macromolecular therapeutics: a review.

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TLDR
The basic characteristics of the EPR effect, particularly the factors involved, are described, as well as its modulation for improving delivery of macromolecular drugs to the tumor.
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This article is published in Journal of Controlled Release.The article was published on 2000-03-01. It has received 5955 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Enhanced permeability and retention effect & Vascular permeability.

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Interactions of Nanoparticles and Biosystems: Microenvironment of Nanoparticles and Biomolecules in Nanomedicine.

TL;DR: This review presents the fundamental factors of nanoparticles and its microenvironment that must be considered to make an appropriate design for medical applications and the repercussions of the control, alter and modify these parameters in the biomedical applications.
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Physicochemical Characteristics of pH-Sensitive Poly(l-Histidine)-b-Poly(Ethylene Glycol)/Poly(L-Lactide)-b-Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Mixed Micelles

TL;DR: Increased electrostatic repulsions which arise from the progressive protonation of imidazole rings overwhelming the hydrophobic interactions among uncharged neutral blocks is considered to be the mechanism for destabilization of the micelle core.
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Synthesis and in vitro anti-cancer evaluation of tamoxifen-loaded magnetite/PLLA composite nanoparticles

TL;DR: Cytotoxicity assay shows that while the Fe(3)O(4)-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) composite nanoparticles exhibit no significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7, approximately 80% of the these cells were killed after incubation for 4 days with TMCN.
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A humanized antibody for imaging immune checkpoint ligand PD-L1 expression in tumors

TL;DR: Results demonstrate that a humanized antibody can detect graded levels of PD-L1 expression in human tumor xenografts in vivo and suggest clinical translation of radiolabeled versions of MPDL3280A for imaging.
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Mixed micelles made of poly(ethylene glycol)–phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate and d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate as pharmaceutical nanocarriers for camptothecin

TL;DR: PEG-PE/TPGS mixed micelles may serve as pharmaceutical nanocarriers with improved solubilization capacity for poorly soluble drugs with remarkably higher cytotoxicity against various cancer cells in vitro.
References
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Journal Article

A New Concept for Macromolecular Therapeutics in Cancer Chemotherapy: Mechanism of Tumoritropic Accumulation of Proteins and the Antitumor Agent Smancs

TL;DR: It is speculated that the tumoritropic accumulation of smancs and other proteins resulted because of the hypervasculature, an enhanced permeability to even macromolecules, and little recovery through either blood vessels or lymphatic vessels in tumors of tumor-bearing mice.
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Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen

TL;DR: DNA sequencing suggests the existence of several molecular species of VEGF, a heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells that is able to induce angiogenesis in vivo.
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Tumor cells secrete a vascular permeability factor that promotes accumulation of ascites fluid.

TL;DR: Tumor ascites fluids from guinea pigs, hamsters, and mice contain activity that rapidly increases microvascular permeability, and this activity is secreted by these tumor cells and a variety of other tumor cell lines in vitro.
Journal Article

Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor, microvascular hyperpermeability, and angiogenesis.

TL;DR: T tumors have "borrowed" fundamental mechanisms that developed in multicellular organisms for purposes of tissue defense, renewal, and repair and taught us something new about angiogenesis, namely, that vascular hyperpermeability and consequent plasma protein extravasation are important, perhaps essential, elements in its generation.
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Nitric oxide production contributes to the angiogenic properties of vascular endothelial growth factor in human endothelial cells.

TL;DR: Both short- and long-term exposure of human EC to VEGF stimulates the release of biologically active NO, suggesting that NO mediates aspects of V EGF signaling required for EC proliferation and organization in vitro.
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